Items where Division is "Faculty of Modern Language and Communication" and Year is 2008

Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Roslan, Siti Nur Aliaa and Roslan, Aiman Mustaqim and Sujud, Arba'ie and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma (2008) Conversational styles and gender: Analyzing informal conversation amongst students and lecturers at Universiti Putra Malaysia. Journal of The World Universities Forum, 1 (3). pp. 9-18. ISSN 1835-2030

Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Salleh, Che Ibrahim and Sujud, Arba'ie and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma (2008) Breaking the silence: ICT and the elderly in Malaysia. Journal of The World Universities Forum, 1 (2). pp. 125-128. ISSN 1835-2030

Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Sujud, Arba'ie and Salleh, Che Ibrahim and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma (2008) Designing the blog: A Study with the social science students at Kuala Lumpur Infrastructure University, Malaysia. Journal of The World Universities Forum, 1 (5). pp. 75-82. ISSN 1835-2030

Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Sujud, Arba'ie and Subramaniam, Vijayaletchumy and Nik Affendi, Nik Rafidah and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma (2008) Helping children resolve conflict in communication. The International Journal of Learning, 15 (11). pp. 137-142. ISSN 1447-9494

Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Sujud, Arba'ie and Yacob, Yazariah and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma (2008) Digital pictures to enhance storytelling amongst special needs children. The International Journal of the Humanities, 6 (4). pp. 1-8. ISSN 1447-9508

Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Sujud, Arbaie and Che Su, Norizan and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Omar, Siti Zobidah and Yacob, Yazariah (2008) Interaction pattern in a language classroom amongst special needs children: Imaginative learning approach. The International Journal of the Humanities, 6 (4). pp. 9-16. ISSN 1447-9508

Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma (2008) Penerapan nilai sosial dalam kalangan kanak-kanak autisme. In: Seminar Antarabangsa Linguistik dan Pembudayaan Bahasa Melayu ke-4, 11-12 Nov. 2008, Dewan Persidangan Pusat Pendidikan Luar, Universiti Putra Malaysia. (pp. 281-286).

Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Sujud, Arba'ie (2008) Music therapy: Storytelling with the special needs children. The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, 3 (5). pp. 27-34. ISSN 1833-1882

Abd Rani, Mohd Zariat (2008) "Karya mithali sastera islam"? satu penilaian kritis terhadap novel TIVI karya Shahnon Ahmad. Islamiyyat, 30 (1). pp. 29-55. ISSN 0216-5636

Abdul Aziz, Adi Yasran and Ahmad, Zaharani (2008) Onset mora dalam dialek Kelantan: analisis tatatingkat kekangan. Jurnal e-Bangi, 3 (3). pp. 1-16. ISSN 1823-884X

Abdul Rahman, Saiful Nujaimi and Mahayuddin, Muhammad Mahfuz Fahmi and Omar, Siti Zobidah and AlSagoff, Syed Agil (2008) The future of conventional newspaper in the era of post digital revolution: an escalation of reading preference. In: Humanities Conference 08: The Sixth International Conference On News Directions In The Humanities, 15-18 July 2008, Istanbul, Turkey. .

Abdul Rani, Mohd Zariat (2008) Poligami dan gender dalam Tok Guru karya Shahnon Ahmad dan Pujangga Melayu karya Mohd. Affandi Hassan. Akademika, 74 (1). pp. 3-20. ISSN 0126-5008

Abdul Rani, Mohd Zariat (2008) 'Wacana' dan 'cerita' dalam novel Pujangga Melayu oleh Mohd. Affandi Hassan. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (2). pp. 187-201. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Abdullah, Mardziah Hayati (2008) Learning in context with ICT: a students cyber magazine. In: 5th International Conference On Pedagogical Issues In Higher Education, 17-20 June 2008, Brest, France. .

Abdullah, Mardziah Hayati and Tan, Bee Hoon (2008) Wired together: collaborative problem-based language learning in an online forum. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research (MaJER), 4. pp. 54-71. ISSN 1511-8002

Abdullah, Zulhamri and Threadgold, Terry (2008) Towards the professionalisation of public relations in Malaysia: perception management & strategy development. Public Relations Review, 34 (3). pp. 285-287. ISSN 0363-8111

Abu Bakar, Aziyah (2008) Hubungan Pola Komunikasi Keluarga dengan Gaya Keibubapaan dan Kejelekitan dalam Keluarga. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Abu Bakar, Siti Saniah (2008) Rethoric in Radio Advertisements’ Discourse. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Abu Hassan, Musa (2008) Memanfaatkan teknologi maklumat dan komunikasi (ICT) untuk semua. [Inaugural Lecture]

Abu Hassan, Musa and Ismail, Narimah and Omar, Siti Zobidah and Bolong, Jusang (2008) Kesan terhadap peserta yang mengikuti projek ICT di luar bandar. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (1). pp. 85-94. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Ahmad, Abdul Mua'ti@Zamri (2008) Panduan pengucapan awam. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kuala Lumpur. ISBN 9789836297419

Al-Areqi, Rashad Mohammed (2008) Indigenous identity and metropolitan domination in selected novels by Najuib Mahfouz and David Malouf. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Alan, Ribka (2008) Penerimaan Maklumat Teknologi Pertanian dalam Kalangan Pekebun Kecil Lada Hitam di Kawasan Penempatan Semula Asap Koyan, Belaga, Sarawak, Malaysia. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Alazzany, Murad Ali Obaid Abdullah (2008) A Critical Discourse Analysis of the Representation Of Islam and Muslims Following the 9/11 Events As Reported in the New York Times. Doctoral thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Amadhila, Helena Naitsuwe (2008) Participation of Foreign Graduate Students in Campus-Based Non-Formal Education Programmes in Universiti Putra Malaysia. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Ang, Lay Hoon (2008) An analysis of the language shift in the mother tongue of the ethnic Chinese in Malaysia. Overseas Chinese History Studies, 2008 (1). pp. 32-41. ISSN 1002-5162

Arukin, Nahari Mastono (2008) Analysis of “Ideas” in Mohd. Affandi Hassan’s Espens. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Ashkoor, Maryam Ataollahi (2008) A Colonial and Post-Colonial Assessment of Language in Akespear’s the Tempest and Friel’s Translations. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Baharum, Sobariah (2008) Retorik dalam novel-novel Abdullah Hussain. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Berita Harian, Nazmi Yaakub Pembina Jambatan Bangsa. (11 December 2008), (Call Number: P 2008 5)

Berita Harian, Rosniza Mohd Taha Perbaiki aspek komunikasi. (25 December 2008), (Call Number: 2008/12-0004)

Berita Harian, Dr Sharifudin Lubis Kaji Semula Hantar Pelajar Ke Luar Negara. (17 April 2008), (Call Number: UNSPECIFIED)

Berita Harian, Dr Sharifudin Lubis Masyarakat Melayu kena kembali kepada citra 'Melayu itu Islam'. (22 November 2008), (Call Number: H 2008 2)

Berita Harian, Dr Sharifudin Lubis Mengangkat Taraf Bahasa Melayu. (23 April 2008), (Call Number: UNSPECIFIED)

Berita Harian, Dr.Sharifudin Lubis üniversiti Bukan Tempat 'Bulan Madu'. (4 July 2008), (Call Number: UNSPECIFIED)

Berita Harian, Nazmi Yaakub Budaya bercerita bentuk baru. (18 December 2008), (Call Number: 2008/12-0003)

Berita Harian, Nazmi Yaakub Masa depan bahasa Melayu. (11 December 2008), (Call Number: 2008/12-0005)

Berita Harian, Nazmi Yaakub Memperkasakan bahasa, kesusasteraan Melayu. (8 January 2008), (Call Number: P 2008 6)

Berita Harian , Khairina yasin UPM sasar 30 ikuti sarjana, PhD bahasa Arab. (12 January 2008), (Call Number: L 2008 25)

Chow, Mee Ling and Yap, Ngee Thai and Chan, Mei Yuit (2008) Issues and challenges in courseware development : a project managers perspective. Journal ICT, 1 (2). pp. 1-6.

Farzanfar, Anahita (2008) The use of scaffolding-based software in developing pronunciation. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Fung, Pau Ling (2008) Gender, Passage Content and Text Types in Reading Comprehension Among ESL Learners. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Hamidi, Ahmad Zahid (2008) Manifesto barisan nasional sebagai agenda akhbar bahasa melayu semasa tempoh kempen pilihan raya umum. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Hamzah, Azizah and Alsagoff, Syed Agil and Abdul Rahman, Saiful Nujaimi (2008) Self-regulatory framework practices in the Malaysian media. In: Humanities Conference 08: The Sixth International Conference On New Directions In The Humanities, 15-18 July 2008, Istanbul, Turkey. .

Hasan, Hamisah and A. Rahim, Samsudin (2008) Factor affecting online purchase behavior. Jurnal Komunikasi, 24. pp. 1-19. ISSN 2289-151X; ESSN: 2289-1528

Hassan, Md. Salleh (2008) Role of media in development: strategies, issues and challenges. [Inaugural Lecture]

Hassan, Md. Salleh and Chua, Yong Ai (2008) Relationships between leadership communication practices and organisational commitment in a selected higher education institution. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (1). pp. 15-29. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Hassan, Mohd. Affandi and Mohd. Tahir, Ungku Maimunah and Abdul Rani, Mohd. Zariat (2008) Gagasan persuratan baru: pengenalan dan penerapan. Institut Alam dan Tamadun Melayu, Bangi, Selangor. ISBN 9789834141875

Idris, Fazilah and Mastor, Khairul Anwar and Hamzah, Azimi and Tamam, Ezhar and Wong, Su Luan and Suradi, Nur Riza (2008) Religious personality and gender differences in the perceived behaviour towards inter-ethnic everyday life among youths. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (2). pp. 141-157. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Jafari, Alireza (2008) Evaluation of the Quality of Iran's Tour Agencies' Websites. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Lapasau, Merry and Othman, Arbak (2008) Neologisme : aspek linguistik kata baharu bahasa Jerman dalam perbandingan dengan bahasa Melayu dan bahasa Indonesia. Jurnal Bahasa, 8 (2). pp. 263-294. ISSN 1511-9084

Lee, Yi Hau (2008) Evaluation of Sequenced and Unsequenced English for Science and Technology Materials on a Web-Based Learning Content Management System Platform. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Liew , Nyuk Lan and Lee, Geok Imm and Chan, Mei Yuit (2008) Towards self-access CALL: what students say. ICT E-Journal, 1 (1). pp. 1-8.

Mamat, Roslina and Abd Rahim, Normaliza (2008) Discourse communication in Japanese Language among Malaysian tourist guides: Communication criteria and strategy. The International Journal of Learning, 15 (4). pp. 121-128. ISSN 1447-9494

Mat Hassan, Ahmad Fuad and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma (2008) Konsep pemikiran Melayu nusantara dalam peribahasa Melayu. In: Seminar Antarabangsa Linguistik dan Pembudayaan Bahasa Melayu ke-4, 11-12 Nov. 2008, Dewan Persidangan Pusat Pendidikan Luar, Universiti Putra Malaysia. (pp. 421-426).

Mat Salleh, Suzila (2008) Ciri muka hadapan laman web e-komuniti di malaysia. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Md Rashid, Sabariah and Chan, Swee Heng (2008) Exploring the interplay of mode of discourse and proficiency level in ESL writing performance: implications for testing. The English Teacher, 37. pp. 105-122. ISSN 0128-7729

Md. Mostafizar Rahman, Abu Rashed and Chan, Swee Heng and Abdullah, Ain Nadzimah (2008) What determines the choice of language with friends and neighbors? the case of Malaysian university undergraduates. Language in India, 8 (10). pp. 1-15. ISSN 1930-2940

Mei-Yuit , Chan and Ngee-Thai , Yap (2008) A framework for an online forum for a writing course. Journal ICT, 1 (1). pp. 1-8.

Meni Anak Untai, . (2008) Kepentingan penguasaan bahasa pertama dalam kalangan pelajar-pelajar di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi Awam (IPTA). [Project Paper Report]

Mezah, Che Radiah and Abd. Jabar, Mohd Azidan and Mohamad, Ab Halim and Hassan Azhari, Abd Rauf and Jumingan, Muhammad Fauzi and Syed Abdullah, Syed Nurul Akla and Othman, Mohd Sukki and Wan Sulong, Wan Muhammad and Ismail, Muhd Zulkifli (2008) Lughatul al-arabiyah lilmustawa al-thalis = Bahasa Arab III: BBA 2403. Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor. ISBN 9789675026713

Mostafizar Rahman, A. R. M. and Chan, Swee Heng and Abdullah, Ain Nadzimah (2008) What languages are chosen in Malaysian family domain? The case of Malay, Chinese and Indian undergraduates. J. Socio Res. Dev. , 5 (4). pp. 384-388. ISSN 1563-0879

Motlagh, Nafise Esmael (2008) Use of photographs in three malaysian english dailies. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Musa, Hashim (2008) Hati budi Melayu: pengukuhan menghadapi cabaran abad ke-21. Penerbit Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor. ISBN 9789675026478

Musa, Hashim (2008) Traditional Malay poems : reflections of courteous disposition, gracious speech and supreme wisdom of the Malay psyche. Malay Literature, 21 (1). pp. 35-57. ISSN 0128-1186

Nair, Premalatha (2008) The effect of scaffolding training on literary text comprehension among adult ESL learners. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Ng, Siew Hua (2008) A Critical Discourse Analysis of Representations of Bilateral Issues Concerning Malaysia and Singapore in Mainstream Newspaper Editorials. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Nik Affendi, Nik Rafidah and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Sujud, Arbaie (2008) Novels as reflections of cultural life in Malaysian society. The International Journal of Learning, 15 (4). pp. 129-134. ISSN 1447-9494

Omar, Siti Zobidah and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Abdullah, Amini Amir (2008) Urbanization and its implication on the Malay women’s social interaction. The International Journal of the Humanities, 6 (7). pp. 113-124. ISSN 1447-9508

Omar, Siti Zobidah and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Abdullah, Amini Amir (2008) Urbanization and its implication on the Malay women's social interaction. In: 6th International Conference on New Directions in the Humanities, 15-18 July 2008, Istanbul, Turkey. (pp. 1-12). (Unpublished)

Omar, Siti Zobidah and Abu Hassan, Musa and Ismail, Narimah and Bolong, Jusang (2008) Faktor kejayaan dan kegagalan projek ICT di luar bandar. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (2). pp. 173-186. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Osman, Mohd Nizam and Shahkat Ali, Muhammad Sham (2008) Strategies of using ICT in education : the case of Malaysia. In: 3rd International Conference on ICT for development, Education and Training., 28-30 Mei 2008, Ghana, Africa.. (pp. 1-20). (Unpublished)

Rafik - Galea , Shameem and Nair, Premalatha (2008) The use of scaffolding strategies among ESL learners in the comprehension of literary texts. Indonesia Journal of English Language Teaching, 4 (2). pp. 140-154. ISSN 0216-1281

Raja Ariffin, Raja Masittah and Salleh, Che Ibrahim (2008) Bahasa Melayu di Pulau Kokos: suatu tinjauan sosiolinguistik. Jurnal Bahasa, 8 (2). pp. 315-339. ISSN 1511-9084

S. Raman Nair, Ramesh Nair (2008) Gender Construction in Malaysian Children’s Literature. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Salleh, Che Ibrahim and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Nik Muhamad Affendi, Nik Rafidah (2008) Halangan bahasa, budaya dan sosial dalam kalangan warga tua. In: Seminar Antarabangsa Linguistik dan Pembudayaan Bahasa Melayu ke-4, 11-12 Nov. 2008, Dewan Persidangan Pusat Pendidikan Luar, Universiti Putra Malaysia. (pp. 163-166).

Shakouri, Shadi (2008) Object Relation Psychoanalytic Criticism On Selected Works of Tennessee Williams. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Sheik Said, Normahdiah and Rahman, Saemah and Mohd Yassin, Siti Fatimah (2008) A case study on metacognitive strategies in an engaging multimedia experience. In: WSEAS International Conference on Education and Educational Technology (EDU'08), 21-23 Nov. 2008, Venice, Italy. (pp. 224-230).

Subramaniam, Vijayaletchumy (2008) Disleksia dalam konteks pembelajaran bahasa di Malaysia. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (2). pp. 115-139. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Sudhakaran, Beena (2008) The use of prepositions among malay adult ESL learners. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Sujud, Arbaie and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Ahmad, Zamri and Roslan, Siti Nur Aliaa and Hassan, Hamisah Zaharah (2008) Language and the Relationship of Proxemics in Communication among the Malay Community I. The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, 3 (8). pp. 195-202. ISSN 1833-1882

Sujud, Arba'ie and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Alias, Norlida and Salleh, Che Ibrahim (2008) We can design too: an insight with a group of students at Universiti Putra Malaysia. Journal of the World Universities Forum, 1 (3). pp. 81-88. ISSN 1835-2030

Tamam, Ezhar and Bolong, Jusang and Ismail, Fadzil Imran and Yaacob, Zamre and Hamzah, Muhammad Rezal (2008) Faktor penglibatan remaja daripada keluarga berpendapatan rendah di bandar dalam masalah sosial. Jurnal Pembangunan Belia Malaysia, 1. pp. 165-182. ISSN 1985-9422

Tamam, Ezhar and Md. Sail, Rahim and Mohamed, Zainal Abidin and Abdullah, Amin Mahir and Hamzah, Mohammad Rezal and Yaakob, Zamree (2008) Are Malay small-scale agro-entrepreneurs ready to face future challenges? An analysis of attitudes towards work values. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (1). pp. 31-43. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Tamam, Ezhar and Yee, Wendy Mei Tien and Idris, Fazilah and Hamzah, Azimi (2008) News media socialisation and ethnic tolerance among Malaysian youth. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (1). pp. 65-75. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Taridi, Rosmawati (2008) Penguasaan penulisan karangan bahasa melayu dari perspektif komunikatif. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Tengku Mohd Azzman Shariffadeen, Tengku Siti Aisha and Abu Hassan, Musa and Hassan, Md. Salleh (2008) Acceptance and usage of webcasting among users of selected cyber cafes in Klang Valley. Jurnal Komunikasi, 24. pp. 46-62. ISSN 2289-151X; ESSN: 2289-1528

Teo, Pauline Hwa Ling (2008) Elicited imitation test as a measure of L2 english learners’ interlanguage representations of relative clauses. Masters thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Utusan Malaysia, Pameran, Lelong Barang Antik Di Muzium Sultan Alam Shah. (15 October 2008), (Call Number: UNSPECIFIED)

Utusan Malaysia, Anzaruddin Ahmad Adab-adab Ketika Berbuka. (12 September 2008), (Call Number: UNSPECIFIED)

Vijayaletchumy, Subramaniam (2008) Effective information transfer of sport skills through modeling. The International Journal of Teaching, 15 (9). pp. 275-280. ISSN 1447-9494

Wong, Bee Eng (2008) Wh-question in Malay: an explanation for the restriction of extraction to subject position with yang. 3L: Language, Linguistics, Literature, 14. pp. 109-126. ISSN 0128-5157

Wong, Bee Eng and Chan, Swee Heng (2008) The acquisition of English articles by non-native speakers. Jurnal Bahasa Jendela Alam, 5. pp. 700-714. ISSN 1394-3936

Yaakob, Hashim Fauzy (2008) Adaptasi Kepada Budaya Organisasi dan Kompetensi Komunikasi antara Budaya Pengurus Malaysia dalam Syarikat Multinasional. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Yahya Alwadhaf, Yahya Hassan (2008) A postcolonial reading of selected arabic novels translated into English. PhD thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.

Yong, Mei Fung and Lee, Geok Imm (2008) Two modes of peer review among adult writers: which is better? English Language & Literature Teaching, 14 (2). pp. 193-210. ISSN 1226-2889

Yong, Mei Fung and Tan, Bee Hoon (2008) Teachers' perceptions on collaborative activity in ESL writing class. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 16 (2). pp. 279-284. ISSN 0128-7702; ESSN: 2231-8534

Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Abd Rahim, Normaliza (2008) Konsep masa dan ruang dalam kalangan masyarakat Melayu. In: Seminar Antarabangsa Linguistik dan Pembudayaan Bahasa Melayu ke-4, 11-12 Nov. 2008, Dewan Persidangan Pusat Pendidikan Luar, Universiti Putra Malaysia. (pp. 456-460).

Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Ahmad Nordin, Ahmad Azmi and Musanif, Ahmad Mahmood and Ahmad Azmi, Nur Sabrina and Mat Hassan, Ahmad Fuad and Che Su, Norizan (2008) Culture conflict amongst Malaysian children. The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, 3 (4). pp. 45-52. ISSN 1833-1882

Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Che Su, Norizan and Dani, Noor Aina (2008) Language and culture conflict in the conversation amongst Malaysian children. The International Journal of the Humanities, 6 (5). pp. 147-154. ISSN 1447-9508

Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Che Su, Norizan and Omar, Siti Zobidah (2008) Communication of culture through Malay quatrain. The International Journal of the Humanities, 6 (4). pp. 135-142. ISSN 1447-9508

Zainon Hamzah, Zaitul Azma and Abd Rahim, Normaliza and Mat Hassan, Ahmad Fuad (2008) Metaphor and the development of pragmatic competence. The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, 3 (7). pp. 141-148. ISSN 1833-1882