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Evaluation of mean wave overtopping and maximum individual wave overtopping on rock revetment


Citation

Ab Razak, Mohd Shahrizal and Masri, Amirah Afiqah and Mohamad, Noor Asiah and Rosdi, Nor Syamimi and Khan, Abdul Rehman (2025) Evaluation of mean wave overtopping and maximum individual wave overtopping on rock revetment. Jurnal Teknologi, 87 (2). pp. 329-340. ISSN 0127-9696; eISSN: 2180-3722

Abstract

An accurate estimation of wave overtopping discharge on rock revetment is important to protect coastal areas from possible hazards. The mean discharge value is often used in the coastal structural design. However, the anticipated impact of the maximum volume of overtopping by individual waves is expected to be significant in wave overtopping analysis. This research investigates the mean discharge of wave overtopping and maximum volume of overtopping by individual wave using two-dimensional (2D) physical model tests. The rock revetment model consists of armour layer with D50=46 mm, a filter layer with D50=13 mm, and an impermeable core, with a thickness of 2D50 for armour and filter layers. Wave overtopping volumes obtained from physical tests were then compared to EurOtop empirical formulae. The results showed that the variability of wave overtopping increases when the wave height and water level increase. This variation falls within the specified interval boundaries by EurOtop empirical methods, with the exception of the lower maximum volume of overtopping by individual waves. Furthermore, the findings indicate that the maximum volume of overtopping by individual waves can exceed the mean wave overtopping volume by up to 85%.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Subject: Engineering (all)
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v87.22574
Publisher: Penerbit UTM Press
Keywords: Maximum individual wave overtopping volume; Mean wave overtopping discharge; Physical model tests; Rock revetment
Depositing User: Ms. Nur Faseha Mohd Kadim
Date Deposited: 26 Feb 2026 08:08
Last Modified: 26 Feb 2026 08:08
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v87.22574
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/123163
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