Cytotoxic effect of Centella asiatica and Petroselinum crispum methanolic extract on cancer cell line

A phenomenon which cells divide abnormally and able to spread to other parts of the body is known as cancer. It is a genetic disease, it changes the genes that regulate the cell functions. Conventional treatments available are expensive and the result is not promising. Thus, the demand in finding an alternative treatment with an affordable price is high. In order to produce an affordable treatment, natural products seem to be the best options. Among millions of plants available, Centella asiatica and Petroselinum crispum were chosen. These plants are traditionally used to treat various diseases including cancer. The study was done to determine the cytotoxic effect of C. asiatica and P. crispum methanolic extract on cancer cell line. To achieve this goal, the plant extracts were tested on Saos-2 cells. Both Saos-2 cells and Chang liver cells (used as control) were seeded on 96-well plates. 5% DMSO was used as the positive control of the experiment. Then the cells were subjected to treatment with the plant extract for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The cytotoxic effect of the cells was evaluated by using MTT assay. Formation of purple formazan was dissolved with 100 μl DMSO and read at 570 nm with reference wavelength 690 nm. The data obtained were translated into graphical format and the IC50 were determined. Extract of C. asiatica reacted strongly towards Saos-2 cells, however, it also showed adverse effects on normal cells (Chang liver cells). This makes it unsuitable for human consumption. Extract of P. crispum has a lower cytotoxic effect than C. asiatica, and this extract did not have an adverse effect on normal cells. Thus, P. crispum seems to be more promising candidates for cancer treatment.

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