Design and development of a single-use disposable safety syringe

Safety syringe is a syringe which has safety features. It is designed to overcome two main problems of using a normal syringe. First is to reduce the use of syringe which may lead to cross-infection of disease and the second is to avoid needle stick and sharp injuries. The need of single-use safety syringe arise due to these concerns. There are a lot of patents found in modern application today. Although many single-use safety syringes have achieved public acceptance and commercial success in the marketplace, many single-use syringes present a variety of problems. To begin with, it is found that some syringes which claim to be "single-use" in actuality can be reused with user intervention. Some syringes are designated as "single-use" solely because they are supposed to be discarded after use by following their instruction; however, nothing prevents their reuse. Some syringe designs expose the drug or bodily fluid contained therein to reactive components of the syringe, e.g. a spring used to retract the plunger. Moreover, some syringes, although cannot be reused, present health risks to the medical personnel handling them. In addition, there are some factors which may need to be considered such as their complex design, and high cost of contemporary components. According to a market survey in Malaysia, safety syringe has to maintain the same procedure to operate as the normal syringe. Eventhough there are a variety of safety syringes available in the market, they do not fulfill the basic requirements of the medical practices. Due to this concern, a new design improvement of safety syringe is proposed to enhance the design of an existing safety syringe. The objectives of this research are to develop the design of safety syringe, to fabricate the prototype of safety syringe and to test the functionality of the prototype safety syringe. The research starts by identifying the needs and goals. This includes recognizing the client needs, modifying existing product, defining the method to achieve the goals, and clarifying the objectives. Then it proceeds to the next processes which are concept generation, synthesis, and analysis. For these processes, the focus includes the morphological chart, product component decomposition diagram, and combining idea concept. Next stage is the preliminary design which includes the product geometry design, configuration design, and parametric design. And after that comes the detail design which consists of drawing development and modelling. The product can only proceed to this stage if the preliminary design satisfies all of the objectives, otherwise the design process will go back to the original concept which are the generation stage, synthesis, and analysis until the design meets the requirements. Then the design can move to the next stage, which is prototype development. The design product is also analysed by using engineering software such as SOLIDWORKS before fabricating a new prototype. The experimental test is carried out in order to validate the prototype. The result of this study is a new design of safety syringe which meets the main characteristics as stated before. The newly designed system will allow the user to use it single-handedly and easy to be disabled after use.

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