Combination of perturb and observe with online sequential extreme learning machine for photovoltaic system maximum power point tracking

Photovoltaic energy is one of the most renowned sources of renewable energy. Its major drawback, however, is the low efficiency of ultra-violet to electrical energy conversion. Irradiance and temperature are the major factors that determine its ability to achieve maximum power output. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is developed in photovoltaic systems to maintain the maximum power output produced by its source. A boost DC-DC converter with maximum power point tracking algorithm aids in operating at the desired voltage level. From different MPPT techniques previously proposed, the online sequential extreme learning machine algorithm and conventional perturb and observe are combined together as a proposed MPPT algorithm. This combination is capable of extracting energy at the maximum operating level of a photovoltaic module. The simulation work covers modelling of the photovoltaic module, and the boost DC-DC converter and power LED light as a load, with maximum power point tracking algorithm to form a photovoltaic system. This system was evaluated under the actual environmental data based on location and dynamic MPPT efficiency tests. For comparison purpose, the conventional extreme learning machine and modified P&O were modelled as well. Several factors will be triggered on the solar module performance, and the PV module will be degraded over time. In this thesis, the proposed method will be emulated under the degradation of maximum output PV current. The diode ideality factor was chosen to evaluate the PV output current degradation.System elements are individually modelled in MATLAB/M-File and then connected to assess performance under different environmental conditions. The simulated results of the complete PV system show that the performances of the PV module using the proposed MPPT technique provide better output power when compared with the conventional ELM and modified P&O. It yields not only a reduction in convergence time to track the maximum power point but also significant output power when subjected to slow and rapid solar irradiance changes.

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