UPM Institutional Repository

Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties


Citation

Vijayakumar, Ramya and Abd Gani, Siti Salwa and Zaidan, Uswatun Hasanah and Halmi, Mohd Izuan Effendi (2018) Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties. Applied Sciences, 8 (9). pp. 1-21. ISSN 2076-3417

Abstract

In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for the optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels using independent variables: temperature (45–65 °C), ethanol concentration (70–90%, v/v) and time (80–120 min) through its responses, which were DPPH scavenging activity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and beta-carotene bleaching (BCB) inhibition, respectively. In Vitro anti-tyrosinase and vitamin C content assays were carried out spectrophotometrically to determine the skin whitening efficacy of the optimized red pitaya peel extract. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was employed to identify the chemical constituents present in the optimized extract. The optimized conditions were ethanol 82% (v/v) for 103 min at 56 °C with values of 75.98% for DPPH, 7.45 mM Fe2+/g dry weight for FRAP and 93.29% for BCB respectively. The in vitro anti-tyrosinase and vitamin C content evaluation of the optimized extract showed a good tyrosinase inhibition of 66.29% with IC50 of 24.06 µg/mL while the vitamin C content was 5.45 mg/g of the extract. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of thirty phytoconstituents with l-(+)-ascorbic acid 2,6-dihexadecanoate being the most abundant with a peak area of 14.66%. This study evidently suggests the potential of red pitaya peels to be exploited as a natural skin whitening agent in the cosmeceutical and pharmaceutical formulations.


Download File

[img] Text
Optimization of the antioxidant potentials of red pitaya peels and its in vitro skin whitening properties.pdf
Restricted to Repository staff only

Download (1MB)
Official URL or Download Paper: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/8/9/1516

Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Divisions: Faculty of Agriculture
Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences
Halal Products Research Institute
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091516 www.mdpi.com/journal/applsc
Publisher: M D P I AG
Keywords: Red pitaya; Anti-tyrosinase; Vitamin C; Antioxidant properties; Response surface methodology; Optimization
Depositing User: Mr. Sazali Mohamad
Date Deposited: 27 Nov 2019 02:49
Last Modified: 27 Nov 2019 02:49
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=/10.3390/app8091516 www.mdpi.com/journal/applsc
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/75168
Statistic Details: View Download Statistic

Actions (login required)

View Item View Item