Physiology and growth of two progenies of oil palm seedling affected by different placements of compound fertilizer

This project was conducted to determine the effect of fertilizer placement to the growth, physiological and nutrient changes on two progenies of Deli Avros (PUP217 and PBC4324) of oil palm seedlings. The oil palm seedlings were cultivated in a polybag containing Rengam series soils. This experiment was conducted in a glass house in Ladang 2 of Universiti Putra Malaysia. Treatments were applied one month after cultivation to stabilize the crops. Four treatments with T0: No fertilizer placement; T1: broadcast fertilizer placement; T2: 15 cm deep fertilizer placement and T3: 30 cm deep fertilizer placement were tested in this study. The experiment is a 2 factorial experiment arranged in Randomize Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Physiological and growth data such as net photosynthesis (A), stomata conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), chlorophyll content,plant height, bole diameter, leaf number, total leaf area, specific leaf area,total biomass, leaf biomass, bole biomass and root biomass, root shoot ratio,relative growth rate, root length, root number, root lifespan and root distribution were measured. From the result, it indicated that no significant interaction between progeny and fertilizer placement on photosynthesis rate, stomata conductance, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, plant height,bole diameter, total leaf area, specific leaf area, total biomass, leaf biomass,bole biomass, root biomass, root shoot ratio, relative growth rate, root length and root number except leaf number. It showed significant interaction between progeny and fertilizer placement. In leaf gas exchange parameter, the photosynthesis rate, stomata conductance, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content were influenced by fertilizer placements (P≤0.05). For the growth parameters, it was also found that applying different depths of fertilizer placement (P≤0.05) had increased plant height, bole diameter, total leaf area,total biomass, leaf biomass, bole biomass, root biomass, root shoot ratio and relative growth rate. So as plant height, bole diameter, total leaf area, specific leaf area (SLA), total biomass, leaf biomass, bole biomass, root biomass, root length and root number. They were only significantly influenced by the progeny (P<0.05). From the experiment, it can be concluded that deep fertilizer placement at 30 cm are as effective as broadcast application as shown by growth and leaf gas exchange parameters analysis, so that It is economic of treated plants and just keep sufficient nutrient placements needed.

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