A comparison of Australian bean yellow mosaic virus isolates using molecular hybridisation analysis

Twenty-nine isolates of bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), obtained over 5 yr by sampling of a limited area in south-eastern South Australia and western Victoria (Collection I), resembled each other in host range and symptomatology. Three reference isolates and nine other isolates (Collection E) from across southern Australia differed in host range and symptomatology from each other, and from the members of collection I. Molecular hybridisation analysis (MHA) using 3H-complementary DNA specific to the RNA of the three reference isolates of BYMV (BYMV-G, -Q and -S) showed that the isolates of collection I were more closely related to BYMV-S, which originated from the same region, than to -G, or -Q which came from outside the region. None of the isolates in collection E were related by MHA to BYMV-S. Only one showed low but significant homology with Q, and none showed homology with G, despite some similarities in host range and symptomatology to the reference isolates. Neither host of origin nor the propagation host influenced percentage homology to reference isolates. The percentage hybridisation values obtained with the RNA of isolates showed no significant variation in homology during regular transfer by mechanical inoculation for 2 yr. We conclude that percentage homology as determined by MHA has an advantage over assessments of biological properties for discriminating between strains or variants of BYMV; it appears to be a stable property which can be determined semiquantitatively.

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