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Polyacrylonitrile grafted cassava starch and its chemical modification with hydroxylamine hydrochloride


Citation

Yusuf, Ja'afar and Md Jamil, Siti Nurul Ain and Abdul, H. A. and M., Nourouzi and Jamoh, B. Y. and K., Mastura (2015) Polyacrylonitrile grafted cassava starch and its chemical modification with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Malaysian Journal of Chemistry, 17 (2). pp. 1-10. ISSN 1511-2292

Abstract

The graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) onto cassava starch (CS) with sodium bisulphite and potassium persulphate (KPS) as initiators was prepared. AN was grafted with gelatinized cassava at 70°C via redox method. The monomer ratios and reaction temperature were varied to obtain the maximum grafting efficiency and high grafted yield. The maximum grafting efficiency (91%) and grafted yield (93%) were attained at 50°C with ratio AN:CS 3:1 in 3 h. Poly(AN-grafted (g)-CS) was then modified with hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH.HCl) to convert the nitrile group into absorbing characteristic properties. The poly(AN-g-CS) and amidoxime-modified poly(AN-g-CS) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Brauner-Emmet-Teller. The IR spectra proved that the grafting of AN onto CS was successful and the poly(AN-g-CS) was successfully modified with NH2OH.HCl. It was shown that the specific surface area, pore volume and average pore diameter of CS were increased from 54.75 m2.g–1, 245.39 m2.g–1,0.336cm3.g–1 to 0.843 cm3.g–1 and 3.95 nm to 13.02 nm, respectively. TGA analysis proved that poly(AN-g-CS) and amidoxime-modified poly(AN-g-CS) are thermally more stable compared to CS.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Divisions: Faculty of Science
Publisher: Institut Kimia Malaysia
Keywords: Cassava starch; Acrylonitrile; Graft copolymerization; Chemical modification; Hydroxylamine hydrochloride
Depositing User: Nurul Ainie Mokhtar
Date Deposited: 11 Oct 2016 02:17
Last Modified: 11 Oct 2016 02:17
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/34951
Statistic Details: View Download Statistic

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