Greenhouse gas reduction through municipal solid waste management and anaerobic digestion system

The challenge in municipal solid waste (MSW) management is on MSW production, which amounts to 11.2 billion tonnes annually, leading to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, pollutions and occupied landfills. The objective of the study proposed solution through the implementation of anaerobic digestion (AD) for conversion of food waste (FW) generated from residential area, yielding biogas and digestate. The survey on awareness and estimation of FW generation from was obtained from study area. Further, 500 L anaerobic digester system was fabricated and designed for self- operated, capable of degrading residential FW. Survey on 441 participants led to 70% of respondents ready to participate in segregation at source followed with estimation of 0.35 kg/capita/day FW generation. The study identified an organic loading rate (OLR) of 0.06 kg COD/L/day, through valuing chemical oxygen demand (COD), main parameter monitored due to the value range variability upon type of FW, performed at optimum level with yield a daily biogas production of 750 L on average, comprising mainly methane (60 – 70%) and carbon dioxide (30 – 40%) and utilized as cooking gas, while the digestate served as liquid fertilizer. Quantifying the data with SimaPro software illuminated the potential of GHG emissions reduction, registering at 0.215 kgCO2eq. The study thus contributes insights into sustainable waste management and anaerobic digestion environmental impact, fostering informed decision-making for future waste management strategies.

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