Strength properties of boron-based treated cross laminated bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii) with diverse layup patterns for structural application

Bamboo is an alternative material that has been used across several industries, notably in construction applications. In this application, bamboo needs to be treated with a preservative solution to increase its durability and, more significantly, to guard against insects and fungi. Despite these beneficial uses, the effect of preservatives on mechanical qualities deserves further attention and investigation, primarily when used in structural applications. The utilisation of bamboo in construction is facing challenging due to its lack of section uniformity, unstable bearing strength brought on by the hollow section and the demand for constructing dependable and ductile connections. This makes it difficult to ensure that the structures comply with the standards for industrialised mass production. Therefore, it is important to develop bamboo forms that are better suited to current structural applications through lamination methods. However, various fabrication designs for laminated panels and orientations of bamboo strips require further investigation, peculiarly for structural use. Inspired by cross-laminated timber, this study focuses on the manufacture of cross-laminated bamboo (CLB) from Gigantochloa scortechinii to investigate its strength performance for potential usage in structural applications. Bamboo was treated with boron-based preservatives to evaluate its physical, mechanical, and adhesion properties. The fabrication of CLB was conducted to determine the bonding properties of these preservative treatments. Additionally, bamboo was manufactured into three types of layup patterns to evaluate their impacts on the mechanical properties of CLB. This study showed that preservative treatment had no significant impact on the dimensional stability and strength characteristics of bamboo strips; however, CLB treated with CCB demonstrated superior performance compared to boron, achieving values of 184.34 N/mm2 , 22417.10 N/mm2 and 80.97 N/mm2 for modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and compression, respectively. The results furthermore demonstrated a notable change in the adhesion characteristics after treatment. Likewise, the investigation revealed that bonding qualities enhanced through treatment and higher spread rate, with CCB preservative at a rate of 300 g/m2 yielded the most remarkable improvement in shear strength. Layup patterns were observed to influence the mechanical properties of CLB, with Type 3 (Vertical-Horizontal-Vertical) exhibiting the highest bending and compressive strengths, with values of 55.25 N/mm2 and 55.69 N/mm2 , respectively. The disparities were influenced by various possibilities such as orientation direction, anatomical structure and thickness of the CLB. The most prominent failure modes in bending were observed to be rolling shear, glue line, compression and tension, and three failure modes, including crushing, splitting, and shear, have been reported in compression.

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