Tailoring the synthesis, structural, thermal, magnetic and morphological properties of Cu0.9Cr0.1Fe2-xCoxO4 (x = 0.1–0.2) spinel ferrites by the substitution of cobalt ions using sol-gel method

This study effectively modifies the structural, thermal, magnetic, and morphological characteristics of Cu0.9Cr0.1Fe2-xCoxO4 (x = 0.1–0.2) nano-structured spinel ferrites by substituting Co2+ ions. The materials were synthesized using the sol-gel auto-combustion process, and they were characterized using XRD, TGA-DTA, RAMAN, FTIR, VSM, FESEM, and HRTEM investigations. The existence of a single-phase spinel nanostructure devoid of secondary phases was verified by the XRD data. The impact of Co2+ ions on crystallite size, grain size, and lattice constant was analyzed, revealing that the lattice constant increased with a Co2+ ion concentration of x = 0.2. FTIR results showed two absorption bands at VI = 1641 cm−1 and V2 = 3413 cm−1, corresponding to ions moving from tetrahedral to octahedral sites in the spinel structure. VSM analysis revealed the soft magnetic behavior of all samples, with Co2+ substitution, the coercivity shows a rising trend by 2.25 %, which is associated with the significant magnetic anisotropy feature of Co2+ species in B sites. At room temperature, cobalt improves the material's ferromagnetic properties, as seen by the 4.6 % improvement in saturation magnetization. These benefits may spark a lot of interest in using this ferrite in loudspeakers, sensors, memory, high-density data storage devices and high-density magnetic recording, among other applications.

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