Describing nature between Ibn Zaydun and Ahmad Shawqi

Describing nature is one of the favorite characteristics that poets have been concerned with throughout the ages. Since the pre-Islamic era up to date, Poets are still describing nature and its manifestations, whether by singling it out with independent poems or gathering with other purposes. This is normal; due to the poet belongs to his environment, So the poets differ in their description of nature.This research aim is to make comparison between the poems of Ibn Zaydun and Ahmad Shawqi in the description of nature, Ahmed Shawqi was influenced by Ibn Zaydun’s poems in terms of style and content, so he imitated his poetry. But the researcher found that most of the previous studies are on comparison between Ibn Zaydun and Ahmed Shawqi about their Nunniya poems. Therefore, there are few of these studies on the description of nature in their poems. In addition, no independent research relates to comparison between their poems in the description of nature that explains their poems objectively and artistically. Furthermore, there are some researchers and writers who disagree about Ahmed Shawqi’s imitation. Some of them believe that he imitated the poems of the Andalusian poet Ibn Zaydun in some of his poetry productions, especially in content, and he did not come up with anything new. Some of them believe that the poet Ahmed Shawqi benefited from the literary heritage, and was able to employ it in the composition of his poetic texts with his creativity despite temporal and spatial variables, and brought something new to his poems. This research tries to compare between their poems in order to reach the points of similarities and difference in their poems, then he analyzes the artistic image through which the two poets described nature and its items, and the most important mechanisms that they relied on to embody those images, such as the arts of simile, metonymy and metaphor, It also draws similarities and differences in the characteristics of their poetry. Ahmed Shawky's embodiment of colors of art and the creation of new methods in his works for describing nature, this is to achieve four main objectives of current research: First: Explaining the descriptions of nature in the poems of the two poets Ibn Zaydoun and Ahmed Shawqi. Second: the comparison between the description of nature in the poetry of Ibn Zaydun and Ahmad Shawqi. Third: Analysis of the poetic artistic image in their poems. Fourth: A revelation of the elements of artistic creativity in Ahmed Shawky's poems describing nature. In this study, the researcher relies on the literary comparison by applying the two research methods: Firstly, the comparison method, the researcher selected poems by Ibn Zaydun and Ahmad Shawqi that describe nature focusing on two themes: still nature, which includes water and flowers, and living nature, which includes birds and gazelles. Then, the researcher applies the rules and standards of the Amidi’s method to identify points of similarities and difference between both poets. Secondly, the method which will be utilized within, it is the descriptive and analytical method, which is based on a researcher to describe the studied phenomenon and review the poems of the two poets through their diwans, and then compare and analyze them.The research proved that there are points of agreement in their depiction of nature, such as both poets using the word "sea" as a symbol of generosity and "flowers" as a symbol of beauty in their descriptions. However, the research also showed that they differ in some artistic and substantive aspects of describing nature, for example, Ibn Zaydun used the word "sea" as a symbol of praise and generosity in descriptions, while Ahmad Shawqi used it as a symbol of the Nile River and beauty in describing nature. Ibn Zaydun used "flowers" as a symbol of good morals in descriptions, while Ahmad Shawqi used them as symbols of joy and spring. The research also demonstrated that although Ahmad Shawqi was influenced by Ibn Zaydun in many aspects, he was an innovative and creative poet who brought novelty and uniqueness, distinguishing himself from his counterpart Ibn Zaydun.

Text 123187.pdf Download (1MB) Official URL or Download Paper: https://ethesis.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/18702

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