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Tailoring MXene/nickel cobalt phosphate composite for enhanced electrochromic and supercapacitor applications


Citation

Mustafa, Muhammad Norhaffis and Mohd Abdah, Muhammad Amirul Aizat and Saidi, Norshahirah Mohamad and Numan, Arshid and Sulaiman, Yusran and Walvekar, Rashmi and Khalid, Mohammad (2025) Tailoring MXene/nickel cobalt phosphate composite for enhanced electrochromic and supercapacitor applications. Battery Energy, 5 (1). art. no. e70070. pp. 1-16. ISSN 2768-1696

Abstract

Electrochromic materials that simultaneously enable optical modulation and charge storage offer a promising route toward multifunctional energy systems. Herein, we report a scalable synthesis of a nickel cobalt phosphate–MXene (NCP/Ti3C2) composite engineered to couple fast ion transport with structural robustness. Using microwave-assisted deposition followed by spin coating, we constructed a conductive Ti3C2 network that intimately overlays the NCP matrix, forming an architecture that overcomes the transport limitations and instability typically observed in MXene–phosphate hybrids. The optimized NCP/Ti3C2 film delivered a high coloration efficiency (~140 cm2/C) and retained over 75% of its optical contrast after 1000 switching cycles. It further exhibits an exceptional specific capacitance (~2300 F/g at 1 mV/s), reflecting markedly enhanced charge-storage kinetics. Assembled into an asymmetric electrochromic supercapacitor with activated carbon, the device achieved an energy density of ~15 Wh/kg at a power density of ~1600 W/kg and maintained ~85% capacitance retention over 5000 cycles. These combined optical and electrochemical performances position the NCP/Ti3C2//AC system as a compelling platform for next-generation wearable and multifunctional energy-storage technologies.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Subject: Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Subject: Energy (miscellaneous)
Divisions: Faculty of Science
Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70070
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons
Keywords: Coloration efficiency; Composite electrode; Electrochromic; Energy storage; Mxene; Nickel cobalt phosphate; Supercapacitor
Depositing User: Ms. Che Wa Zakaria
Date Deposited: 15 Jan 2026 06:25
Last Modified: 15 Jan 2026 06:25
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.1002/bte2.70070
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/122403
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