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UGV-UAV Integration Advancements for Coordinated Missions: A Review


Citation

Shahar, Farah Syazwani and Sultan, Mohamed Tariq Hameed and Nowakowski, Marek and Łukaszewicz, Andrzej (2025) UGV-UAV Integration Advancements for Coordinated Missions: A Review. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems: Theory and Applications, 111 (2). art. no. 69. pp. 1-34. ISSN 0921-0296; eISSN: 1573-0409

Abstract

The integration of Unmanned Ground Vehicles (UGVs) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) represents a transformative leap in autonomous system coordination, combining ground mobility with aerial flexibility to tackle complex real-world missions. However, disparities in communication protocols, sensor interoperability, and autonomy frameworks pose persistent integration challenges. This review critically analyzes these gaps by synthesizing current literature and field practices. It introduces a novel Unified Robotic Protocol (URP) that enables real-time communication between ROS- and MAVLink-based systems, secured via blockchain technology. AI-driven swarm intelligence and modular payload systems are also proposed to enhance decentralized task allocation and operational adaptability. Key findings show significant improvements in system interoperability, mission coordination, and resilience under real-world constraints. This paper concludes with a roadmap for advancing secure, interoperable, and intelligent multi-agent systems.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Subject: Software
Subject: Control and Systems Engineering
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering
Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-025-02273-w
Publisher: Springer Nature
Keywords: Autonomous operations; Coordination; Interoperability; Sensor fusion; Unmanned systems
Depositing User: Ms. Zaimah Saiful Yazan
Date Deposited: 13 Jan 2026 07:13
Last Modified: 13 Jan 2026 07:13
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.1007/s10846-025-02273-w
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/122285
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