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Lara-Castor, Laura and Micha, Renata and Cudhea, Frederick and Miller, Victoria and Shi, Peilin and Zhang, Jianyi and Sharib, Julia R. and Erndt-Marino, Josh and Cash, Sean B. and Barquera, Simon and Mozaffarian, Dariush and Trichopoulou, Antonia and Bas, Murat and Ali, Jemal Haidar and El-Kour, Tatyana and Krishnan, Anand and Misra, Puneet and Hwalla, Nahla and Janakiram, Chandrashekar and Lipoeto, Nur Indrawaty and Musaiger, Abdulrahman and Pourfarzi, Farhad and Alam, Iftikhar and Termote, Celine and Memon, Anjum and Vossenaar, Marieke and Mazumdar, Paramita and Rached, Ingrid and Rovirosa, Alicia and Zapata, María Elisa and Kelishadi, Roya and Asayehu, Tamene Taye and Oduor, Francis and Boedecker, Julia and Aluso, Lilian and Marconi, Emanuele and D’Addezio, Laura and Piccinelli, Raffaela and Sette, Stefania and Ortiz-Ulloa, Johana and Meenakshi, J. V. and Grosso, Giuseppe and Waskiewicz, Anna and Khan, Umber S. and Brown, Kenneth and Andersen, Lene Frost and Thanopoulou, Anastasia and Malekzadeh, Reza and Calleja, Neville and Nicolau, Anca Ioana and Tudorie, Cornelia and Ocke, Marga and Etemad, Zohreh and Al Nsour, Mohannad and Waswa, Lydiah M. and Hashemian, Maryam and Nurk, Eha and Arsenault, Joanne and Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio and Sibai, Abla Mehio and Damasceno, Albertino and Lanerolle, Pulani and Arambepola, Carukshi and Lopes, Carla and Severo, Milton and Lunet, Nuno and Torres, Duarte and Tapanainen, Heli and Lindstrom, Jaana and Virtanen, Suvi and Palacios, Cristina and Barengo, Noel and Roos, Eva and Jordan, Irmgard and Duante, Charmaine and Cerdena, Corazon and Angeles-Agdeppa, Imelda and Desnacido, Josie and Capanzana, Mario and Misra, Anoop and Khouw, Ilse and Ng, Swee Ai and Delgado, Edna Gamboa and Caballero, Mauricio T. and Otero, Johanna and Lee, Hae Jeung
(2024)
Intake of sugar sweetened beverages among children and adolescents in 185 countries between 1990 and 2018: population based study.
BMJ.
art. no. e079234.
e079234.
ISSN 0959-8146; eISSN: 1756-1833
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To quantify global intakes of sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) and trends over time among children and adolescents. DESIGN Population based study. SETTING Global Dietary Database. POPULATION Children and adolescents aged 3-19 years in 185 countries between 1990 and 2018, jointly stratified at subnational level by age, sex, parental education, and rural or urban residence. RESULTS In 2018, mean global SSB intake was 3.6 (standardized serving=248 g (8 oz)) servings/week (1.3 (95% uncertainly interval 1.0 to 1.9) in south Asia to 9.1 (8.3 to 10.1) in Latin America and the Caribbean). SSB intakes were higher in older versus younger children and adolescents, those resident in urban versus rural areas, and those of parents with higher versus lower education. Between 1990 and 2018, mean global SSB intakes increased by 0.68 servings/week (22.9%), with the largest increases in sub-Saharan Africa (2.17 servings/week; 106%). Of 185 countries included in the analysis, 56 (30.3%) had a mean SSB intake of ≥7 servings/week, representing 238 million children and adolescents, or 10.4% of the global population of young people. CONCLUSION This study found that intakes of SSBs among children and adolescents aged 3-19 years in 185 countries increased by 23% from 1990 to 2018, parallel to the rise in prevalence of obesity among this population globally. SSB intakes showed large heterogeneity among children and adolescents worldwide and by age, parental level of education, and urbanicity. This research should help to inform policies to reduce SSB intake among young people, particularly those with larger intakes across all education levels in urban and rural areas in Latin America and the Caribbean, and the growing problem of SSBs for public health in sub-Saharan Africa.
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