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Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol


Citation

Torlaema, T. A.M. and Jaafar, Nur Farhana and Mutalib, A. A.A. and Lahuri, A. H. (2025) Green electrosynthesis strategies of SnO catalysts for enhanced photodegradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol. Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society, 72 (5). pp. 498-512. ISSN 0009-4536; eISSN: 2192-6549

Abstract

The electrogeneration of SnO using an environmentally friendly approach was assessed by utilizing three different electrolytes: N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), plant extract (PE), and a combination of PE with a deep eutectic solvent (PE-DES). The catalysts were characterized through FTIR, XRD, BET surface area analysis, and UV–Vis DRS to determine their structural and optical properties. The photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) was then evaluated for each catalyst under visible light exposure. At pH 3, SnO-PE-DES exhibited the highest degradation rate of 99.22%, making it the most efficient catalyst. SnO-DMF showed a degradation efficiency of 93.81%, while commercial SnO achieved 86.60%. The degradation efficiency of SnO-PE alone was only 23.46%, but incorporating DES significantly improved its performance. This enhancement is attributed to DES's ability to promote a more organized SnO structure, increasing the surface area and improving interactions with 2,4-DCP molecules. Due to its environmentally friendly synthesis and outstanding photocatalytic activity, SnO-PE-DES was selected for further optimization studies. This catalyst demonstrates great potential for photocatalytic applications in wastewater treatment. Its impressive performance under visible light, coupled with its eco-friendly synthesis, makes it a promising candidate for large-scale environmental remediation projects powered by solar energy.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Subject: Chemistry
Divisions: Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.1002/jccs.70014
Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Keywords: Electrochemical method; Photocatalysts; Pollutant degradation; Semiconductor; Wastewater remediation
Depositing User: Scopus
Date Deposited: 14 Aug 2025 08:02
Last Modified: 14 Aug 2025 08:02
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.1002/jccs.70014
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/119259
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