Investigation of fractures, cavities and sinkhole in karst terrain by using geolectromagnetic techniques

Karst terrain is one of the most intricate grounds to be assessed for civil engineering. Fractures and cavities are unique landscapes formed in the karst terrain by the underground erosion limestone that dissolves in water. Karst units are discrete three-dimensional bodies in the solution of the bedrock has resulted in the integration of surface water and groundwater fractures and cavities are landscapes are distinguishable. Hydrology and landforms arising from a cooperation of high rock solubility and well developed secondary porosity. In the covered karst terrain where sinkhole collapse occurs there is a need to develop affordable and reliable investigation methods to delineate areas of potential sinkhole collapse. Movement of ground wather through the joints carbonates rock cause solution of the rock and development of fractures,cavities and sinkholes. The sinkholes develops where soil transport through cutter drains is sufficient to remove the soil and when the number of fractures and cavities in the karst terrain was more so happened the sinkhole and geohazard. With developing of the fractures and cavities in the limestone bedrock, geohazard (geological hazard) is occured. The geohazard is the naturally accruing and is potential danger to life or possessions. Geoelectromagnetic techniques are extremely important as a direct detection geophysical tool utilized in mapping tool for mining, environmental, petroleum, and engineering purpose. By using this techniques allowed use to examine the county's karst using two-dimensional and three dimensional views. Geoelectromagnetic techniques have been successfully used to delineate a large cave system lying beneath the site. This study will involved the development of geoelectromagnetic methods of fractures and cavities in the karstic areas for engineering purpose an increase of knowledge for recognition about of the karst terrain by use of geoelectromagnetic methods.

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