Citation
Abu Maloh, Haya Ibrahim Ali
(2023)
Effectiveness of Benson’s Relaxation Technique on perceived stress and pain among patients undergoing hemodialysis in Amman, Jordan.
Doctoral thesis, Universiti Putra Malaysia.
Abstract
Jordanian hemodialysis patients are required to dedicate four hours to every
hemodialysis session, three times per week. The long-term hemodialysis treatment
increases their perceived stress and pain levels. Jordanian hemodialysis patients lack
coping strategies to manage their perceived stress and pain in clinical practice. There
was no intervention utilized in hemodialysis units for reducing perceived stress and pain
among Jordanian hemodialysis patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness
of Benson’s Relaxation Technique in reducing perceived stress and pain among
hemodialysis patients at governmental hospitals in Amman, Jordan. A clusterrandomized,
active-control trial was conducted in two large governmental hospitals in
Amman, Jordan that were randomly assigned to intervention and active-control
hospitals. A total of 132 hemodialysis patients were selected randomly, and data were
collected over four data collection periods using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and
the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ). The intervention group received
a training session of Benson’s Relaxation Technique and they were asked to perform it
twice a day for 10 minutes over eight weeks. Both descriptive and inferential statistics
were conducted (mean, standard deviation, frequencies, chi-squared, independent t-tests,
one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and mixed between-within
subject analysis of variance). The study results revealed that most hemodialysis patients
were male (54.5%), had a mean age (years) of (38.06 ± 11.247), were unmarried
(44.7%), had a mean length of time on hemodialysis (years) of (7.11 ± 3.898), and held
a high school qualification (35.6%). All hemodialysis patients had dialysis three times
per week for a total of four hours per session. The total perceived stress mean score was
(30.70 ± 4.237), the total pain rating index mean score was (32.56 ± 4.202) and the total
visual analogue scale mean score was (7.53 ± 1.251). Many patients (43.9%) described
their present pain intensity as ‘distressing’ and the lower extremities were the most
commonly reported location of pain (38.6%). The participants’ ages (years) and lengths
of time on hemodialysis (years) were strongly positively correlated with their perceived
stress and pain levels. Findings indicated a non-statistically significant reduction in the
perceived stress and pain scores between pre-intervention and post-intervention at two
weeks (P>0.05). However, a statistically significant reduction was noted in the perceived
stress and pain scores of the intervention and active-control groups between: preintervention
and post-intervention at one month (P<0.001); pre-intervention and postintervention
at two months (P<0.001); post-intervention at two weeks and postintervention
at one month (P<0.001); post-intervention at two weeks and postintervention
at two months (P<0.001); and post-intervention at one month and postintervention
at two months (P<0.001). Based on the findings, Benson’s Relaxation
Technique is a beneficial and cost-effective technique that enables significant reductions
in perceived stress and pain among hemodialysis patients, but not after two weeks of
performing the technique. Performing Benson’s Relaxation Technique for at least one
month led to a significant reduction in perceived stress and pain among hemodialysis
patients. Therefore, the implementation of Benson’s Relaxation Technique at
hemodialysis units is likely to help hemodialysis patients reduce their perceived stress
and pain.
Download File
Additional Metadata
Item Type: |
Thesis
(Doctoral)
|
Subject: |
Renal Dialysis - adverse effects |
Subject: |
Relaxation Therapy |
Subject: |
Relaxation - Technique |
Call Number: |
FPSK(p) 2023 5 |
Chairman Supervisor: |
Professor Soh Kim Lam, PhD |
Divisions: |
Faculty of Medicine and Health Science |
Keywords: |
Benson’s Relaxation Technique; Perceived stress; Pain; Hemodialysis patients; Jordan |
Depositing User: |
Ms. Rohana Alias
|
Date Deposited: |
03 Jun 2025 02:53 |
Last Modified: |
03 Jun 2025 02:53 |
URI: |
http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/116488 |
Statistic Details: |
View Download Statistic |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |