Enhancing urban well-being through urban environment: an analysis of recreational spaces, urban forests, and wetlands in Johor Bahru, Malaysia

This study investigates the impact of urban green spaces—recreational areas, urban forests, and wetlands—on the well-being of Johor Bahru’s urban community. In response to the pressures of rapid urbanization, this research explores how these natural spaces contribute to physical health, mental wellness, and social cohesion. Through a mixed-method approach, the study combines quantitative survey data with qualitative interviews to capture both measurable well-being indicators, such as life satisfaction, stress levels, and physical activity, and personal perspectives on green space usage. Results indicate that each type of green space offers distinct benefits: recreational areas enhance physical fitness and foster social interactions; urban forests provide settings for mental relaxation and stress relief; and wetlands are appreciated for their scenic qualities, promoting emotional well-being and a sense of tranquility. These findings highlight the essential role of diverse green spaces in supporting a holistic sense of well-being, underscoring the need for urban planners and policymakers to prioritize green infrastructure within Johor Bahru’s development plans. By understanding how natural environments influence well-being, this study provides insights into creating healthier, more resilient urban communities in Malaysia’s rapidly expanding cities.

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