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Evaluation of climate change effects on rain rate distribution in Malaysia using hydro-estimator for 5G and microwave links


Citation

Basarudin, Hafiz and Mohd Yunus, Noor Hidayah and Ramli, Aizat Faiz and Mansor, Zuhanis and Sali, Aduwati and Hong Seng, Gan and Abu, Mohd Azlan (2023) Evaluation of climate change effects on rain rate distribution in Malaysia using hydro-estimator for 5G and microwave links. Engineering Technology & Applied Science Research, 13 (4). pp. 11064-11069. ISSN 2241-4487; eISSN: 1792-8036

Abstract

Wireless transmissions at more than 10GHz can experience signal fading caused by the presence of hydrometeor particles in the atmosphere. Among these hydrometeors, rain is the largest contributor to the fading mechanism. Rain fade can be predicted or calculated using rain rate measurements. With climate change affecting the world due to the rise of carbon dioxide in the air, it is expected to affect the distribution of rainfall, which ultimately affects rain fade. This paper investigates the effects of climate change on rain rate distribution in Malaysia. Ten years of Hydro-Estimator data containing rainfall rates in Peninsular Malaysia and the Sabah and Sarawak region from 2011 to 2020 were collected and analyzed. Using the linear regression method, a small increment of rain rate distribution at 0.01 annual probability was detected for all regions, indicating a climate change effect on the rain rate distribution. For Peninsular Malaysia, the rate was 0.2356mm/hr per year while for the Sabah and Sarawak region, it was 0.4046mm/hr per year. An increase in the rain rate would increase the rain fade, causing signal losses and distortions in high-frequency wireless communication signals. The evaluation of climate change effects on the rain rate and rain fade distributions can help in developing a long-term prediction of the signal performance in 5G systems and high-frequency radio link frequencies due to hydrometeors.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Divisions: Faculty of Engineering
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.5552
Publisher: Engineering Technology and Applied Science Research
Keywords: Hydrometeor; ITU-R model; Millimeter-wave band; Rain fade; 5G concerns; Wireless transmission; Industry; Innovation and infrastructure; Life on land
Depositing User: Ms. Nur Aina Ahmad Mustafa
Date Deposited: 30 Oct 2024 02:34
Last Modified: 30 Oct 2024 02:34
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.48084/etasr.5552
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/107776
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