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Extraction and characterization of cellulose nanoparticles from palm kernel meal for potential application in active food packaging


Citation

Chamathka, Warakagoda Widanalage Don Rumali and Chai, Tsun-Thai and Phuah, Eng Tong and Wong, Jun Xian and Chen, Sook Ngoh and Yassoralipour, Ali (2024) Extraction and characterization of cellulose nanoparticles from palm kernel meal for potential application in active food packaging. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 260. art. no. 129637. pp. 1-10. ISSN 0141-8130; eISSN: 1879-0003

Abstract

The research aimed to explore the potential of palm kernel meal (PKM) as a sustainable source of cellulose nanoparticles (CNPs) for active food packaging. The CNPs were isolated using a combination of chemical techniques, such as alkaline treatment, bleaching, and acid hydrolysis. The characterization of the CNPs was analysed using various techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and UV–visible spectroscopy. The findings revealed that chemical processing effectively removed lignin and hemicellulose from PKM. The SEM morphology confirmed the separation of the CNPs, resulting in the production of 40–100 nm spherical cellulose nanoparticles, while XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed their purity and composition. Moreover, the UV–visible spectroscopy exhibited high transmittance rates, indicating the potential of CNPs as reinforcing agents for polymer matrices. The significance of utilising PKM as a valuable fibre source for extracting CNPs can be recommended for developing active food packaging.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129637
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Keywords: Alkali Treatment; Alkalinity; Cellulose; Packaging Machines; Scanning Electron Microscopy; Alkalinity; Cellulose; Chemical industry; Nanoparticles; Packaging; Packaging machines; Scanning electron microscopy; Ultraviolet visible spectroscopy; hemicellulose; lignin; nanocellulose; polymer; Active food packaging
Depositing User: Ms. Nuraida Ibrahim
Date Deposited: 15 Jan 2025 07:34
Last Modified: 15 Jan 2025 07:34
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129637
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/106114
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