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Transesterification activity and characterization of natural CaO derived from waste venus clam (Tapes belcheri S.) material for enhancement of biodiesel production


Citation

Syazwani, O. N. and Siow, Hwa Teo and Islam, Aminul and Taufiq-Yap, Yun Hin (2017) Transesterification activity and characterization of natural CaO derived from waste venus clam (Tapes belcheri S.) material for enhancement of biodiesel production. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 105. 303 - 315. ISSN 0957-5820; ESSN: 1744-3598

Abstract

In this study, waste venus clam (WVC) was used as a raw materials of catalyst to produce biodiesel from palm oil at atmospheric pressure. The thermogravimetric, surface functional group, morphology, structure, basicity, surface area and leaching properties of catalyst was studied by using TGA, FTIR, SEM, XRD, TPD-CO2, BET, and AAS respectively. The result demonstrated that CS-900 catalyst gave high amount of total basicity at about 44 times than commercial CaO catalyst which is favorable for higher catalytic activity. Further, it was evident from BET that the shells calcined in temperature range 800–900 °C was exhibited enhance surface area than uncalcined shells. Under the best reaction condition (temperature 65 °C, methanol/oil molar ratio 15:1, reaction time 6 h, and catalyst 5 wt.% of oil), a high biodiesel yield of 97% was obtained. The leaching test on synthesized biodiesel revealed that the concentration of Ca in the biodiesel was 1.214 ppm which is inacceptable levels of metals as ASTM D6751 (United State) and in Europe, EN 14214 (Europe) standards. The subsequent reuse of the catalyst indicates the viability of utilizing waste shell as green catalysts for synthesis of biodiesel.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Divisions: Faculty of Science
Institute of Advanced Technology
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2016.11.011
Publisher: Elsevier
Keywords: Heterogeneous catalyst; Waste Tapes belcheri; Recycled calcium carbonate; Transesterification; Correlation of basic sites; Biodiesel
Depositing User: Mohd Hafiz Che Mahasan
Date Deposited: 07 Nov 2018 03:31
Last Modified: 07 Nov 2018 03:31
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.1016/j.psep.2016.11.011
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/63599
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