Community-based epidemiological study of Hepatitis B virus infection in Lafia Metropolis in Nasarawa State, Nigeria

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global health concern, affecting approximately 296 million individuals worldwide, with 2.5 million cases reported in sub-Saharan Africa. In Nasarawa State, Nigeria, the prevalence is estimated at 11%. This study investigated the epidemiology of HBV infection in Lafia Metropolis, Nasarawa State, Nigeria, focusing on prevalence, associated socio-demographic and risk factors, and knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) related to HBV. A total of 461 participants from four communities in Lafia Metropolis, including Azuba, Bukan-Sidi, Danka Sarki, and Doka, were enrolled. Structured questionnaires were administered, and blood samples were collected and tested for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using a rapid test strip. Data analysis, including the chi-square test, was conducted using SPSS version 28. The study found an HBV prevalence of 7.8%. No significant association was found between prevalence and community of residence (p = 0.57), age (p = 0.46), gender (p = 0.63), education (p = 0.07), marital status (p = 0.89), occupation (p = 0.45), or religion (p = 0.36). However, a significant association was found with monthly income (p < 0.01). Regarding risk factors, awareness of one's HBV status was significantly associated with infection (p < 0.03), while no significant associations were observed with family history of liver diseases, living with an infected person, blood transfusion, contact with bodily fluids, or travel to endemic regions. Although participants demonstrated good KAP scores, no significant associations were found between these scores and HBV prevalence. This suggests other influencing factors such as traditional and religious beliefs, healthcare practices, and behavioural factors. This study highlights the need for targeted interventions, particularly addressing income disparities, to reduce HBV prevalence. The findings emphasize the importance of increased testing and health education. Further research is recommended to explore socio- economic influences on HBV risk and develop effective prevention strategies.

Text FS 2024 19 - Full Text.pdf Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (6MB) Text FS 2024 19.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Available under License Creative Commons Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives. Download (8MB)

Actions (login required)

View Item