High-performance copper MOF electrochemical platform for sensitive detection of cadmium in environmental water samples

Heavy metal ions contamination, particularly cadmium, Cd(II) ions pose a serious threat to both environmental safety and public health, necessitating the development of reliable and sensitive detection methods. Herein, an electrochemical sensor by incorporating copper(II)-terephthalate (Cu-BDC) frameworks onto a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was constructed for the detection of Cd(II) ions in water samples. Notably, the designed metal-organic framework (MOF) sensor exhibited excellent capture and detection performances for Cd(II) ions under optimal experimental conditions of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The developed sensor displayed a linear response to Cd(II) ions concentration between 0.1 and 1.0 μM. The detection limit was calculated to be 0.023 μM (S/N = 3), remarkably lower than the World Health Organization's (WHO) permissible limit for Cd(II) ions in drinking water. The sensor demonstrated excellent reproducibility (RSD = 2.41%, N = 5) and exhibited long-term stability. Even after one month of ambient storage, it retained over 85.65% of its initial current signal. The sensing platform was successfully employed for the detection of Cd(II) ions in drinking, tap, and well water samples. The detection results were consistent with those obtained by elemental analysis (ICP-OES) standard method, highlighting its great potential for routine environmental monitoring applications.

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