Field phenotyping of seven Malaysian coconut varieties for yield traits

Although the coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is of economic importance, the industry poses challenges of low productivity and limited seedling availability. This study utilised field phenotyping to evaluate the yield characteristics of four tall and three dwarf coconut varieties across three distinct locations in the West Coast regions of Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 210 samples, representing seven varieties, were collected using a nested design methodology. The analysis of the mean comparison between Malayan Yellow Dwarf (MYD) and Malayan Red Dwarf (MRD) varieties reveals that MYD exhibits a smaller leaf area but a faster maturation rate, whereas MRD demonstrates a greater leaf area and undergoes a slower maturation process. A yield trait comparison between Pandan and Tagnanan (TGG) shows Pandan having a significantly higher nut yield, while both varieties exhibit a similar maturation rate. Additionally, the mean comparison of yield traits of Malayan Tall (MT), Ceylon Tall (CT), and Rennell Tall (RT) indicates that all varieties have similar rates of maturation and average nut yield per year, but different values of Standing Stem Dry Weight (SSDW) and Projected Leaf Area (PLA). Notably, RT exhibits a unique trait of having the lowest PLA among the three varieties. The correlation analysis identifies SSDW as the key factor for average nut yield per year in MRD, Pandan, and RT, as well as for maturation rate in MYD, MRD, and CT. In summary, the findings of this study can be leveraged for informed decision-making and strategic cultivation practices in the Malaysian coconut industry.

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