Sida cordifolia L. methanol leaf extract has bioherbicidal potential on selected noxious weed species in Malaysia

Allelopathy is implicated for a decline in agricultural output. Sida cordifolia is an invasive herb that is found in all the tropical and sub-tropical regions. The study assessed effect of S. cordifolia methanol leaf extract on germination and growth of noxious weed species (Ageratum conyzoides, Asystasia gangetica, Parthenium hysterophorus, Echinochloa crus-galli, E. colona and Oryza sativa). Fifty grams of S. cordifolia leaf powder was extracted with 1,000 ml methanol and tested against the weeds in the laboratory and 3.0, 2.5 and 1.5 gL-1 crude extract were tested in the glasshouse. Seed germination bioassay was conducted in a growth chamber. Data on shoot and root dry weight, leaf area, chlorophyll pigments, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were determined at 3 weeks after foliar spray of S. cordifolia leaf extract in a glasshouse. CRD and RCBD were adopted in the laboratory and glasshouse experiments. Parthenium hysterophorus showed the greatest overall sensitivity with lowest ECg50 for germination (0.34) and lowest root ECrl50 (0.04) while A. conyzoides (2.66), O. sativa (2.81), E. crus-galli (2.10) and P. hysterophorus (2.78) on seedling elongation. Result in glasshouse revealed that A. conyzoides, at highest concentration, had severely decreased in chlorophyll pigments and net photosynthesis (29.7% and 15.79%). Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry analysis revealed high rutin and DL-phenylalanine. Crude methanolic extract of S. cordifolia exhibits dose-dependent responses in both lab and glasshouse assays. Isolation of active constituents in the Sida extract, selectivity tests on crops, mode of action, formulation and field trials is recommended.

Text 127268.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons Attribution. Download (1MB) Official URL or Download Paper: https://cmuj.cmu.ac.th/nlsc/journal/article/1224

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