Permanent magnet synchronous motor drive control system based on silicon carbide MOSFET for new energy electric vehicles

The 21st century faces critical challenges, including fossil fuel dependence, climate change, and rising energy costs. In response, the transition to new energy electric vehicles (NEEVs) is accelerating, replacing internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles to mitigate the energy crisis and reduce environmental pollution. This research focuses on developing a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive control system based on silicon carbide metal-oxide- semiconductor field-effect transistor (SiC MOSFET) technology for NEEVs. A comprehensive analysis of key subsystems—electrification levels, power battery packs, and electrical propulsion systems—is conducted. To address switching challenges in SiC MOSFET, an active discontinuous current source gate driver (CSGD) circuit is proposed. Additionally, a three-phase interleaved parallel bidirectional Buck–Boost (TPIPBi-Buck–Boost) converter is introduced to regulate energy flow between the power battery pack and the motor drive inverter within the high-voltage DC bus, enabling efficient bidirectional voltage conversion. As advancements in NEEVs production demand higher precision, speed, and stability in PMSM systems, a finite control set model predictive torque control (FCS-MPTC) strategy with voltage vector expansion is recommended. However, integrating SiC MOSFET and PMSM poses challenges related to electromagnetic interference (EMI), affecting compliance with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards. To address this, system-level conducted EMI equivalent circuit models are developed, covering key components such as the power battery pack, busbar cables, three-phase inverter, and PMSM. Simulation and experimental validation confirm the proposed innovations. The novel CSGD circuit maintains a constant gate drive current during both turn- on and turn-off periods, enhancing SiC MOSFET switching performance. The TPIPBi-Buck–Boost converter efficiently manages energy flow—supporting motor performance during acceleration and recovering excess energy during braking. The optimized FCS-MPTC method eliminates weight coefficients from traditional MPTC, improving system performance. Additionally, the system- level EMI equivalent circuit model aids in predicting conducted EMI noise during the design phase, providing a robust theoretical foundation for accurate modeling and effective EMI suppression.

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