Significant predictors of poor female-headed households with climate change experience in Sabak Bernam, Selangor

This paper aims to identify the significant predictors of poor female-headed households with climate change experience. The tested predictors, or independent variables, are gender, academic background, household expenses, daily-paid workers, and the age of household heads. A purposive sampling approach was used to collect data from n=265 respondents in Sabak Bernam, a coastal district in Malaysia. Only n=230 were reported in this paper because these respondents reported having climate change experience. The binary logistic regression model is significant at p<0.05, with 28.6% of the variance in the dependent variable, poor female-headed households=1 and other households=0, explained by the independent variables. Three significant predictors of poor female-headed households were obtained: gender of the respondents, household expenses, and daily-paid worker status as a vulnerable group. The first significant predictor is the gender of the respondents. Male gender explained an 86.5% lower likelihood, odds=0.135, that male respondents were from poor female-headed households. This means that male respondents in this study were mainly from non-poor families and male-headed households. Second, household expenses explained a less than 0.1% likelihood, odds=0.999, that respondents were from poor female-headed households. An RM1 increase in household expenses explained that less than 0.1% of households were poor female-headed households. In other words, an increase in household expenses indicates that poor females are less likely to head households. Lastly, daily-paid workers, identified as a vulnerable group, explained an 8.812-times likelihood, odds=8.812, that respondents were from poor female-headed households. Members of poor female-headed households are usually involved in the informal economic sector or indirectly in the fisheries sector. Therefore, they may be paid as daily workers. This paper concludes that female respondents, household expenses, and daily-paid worker status are significant predictors of poor female-headed households with climate change experience in coastal areas of Sabak Bernam, Selangor.

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