Compliance iron supplement intake on maternal anemia and low birth weight in indonesia: meta-analysis

Background: According to the Indonesia Ministry of Health in 2023, only 20% of pregnant women adhared to iron supplement intake. Poor adherence to iron supplementation also leads to increased prevalence of maternal anaemia and low birth weight. Objective. This review to analyze the adherence or compliance to iron supplement intake among pregnant women. Methods. The study employed a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. During the article selection, the study applied inclusion criteria, such as original research articles conducted in Indonesia, using Indonesian or English language, and published between 2019 and 2024. Additionally, the articles must discuss the effect of adherence to iron supplement intake on the incidence of maternal anemia and low birth weight. They were systematically searched in the following databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Springer, Google Scholar, and Proquest. To facilitate the systematic review analysis, the Odds ratio (OR) was analyzed using Review Manager 5.4. Results. A total of 16 studies (10 articles on maternal anemia and 6 articles on low birth weight) were included in this meta-analysis. The results revealed that maternal anemia had a significant relationship with adherence to iron supplement intake (OR: 0.10, 95%CI 0.06 - 0.14; p-value <0.001) and also low birth weight (OR: 0.42, 95%CI 0.21 - 0.86; p-value: 0.02). Conclusion. Based on this finding, poor adherence to iron supplement intake significantly increase risk of maternal anemia and low birth weight.

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