Concentrated flow effects on aerodynamics performance for CyFlaP Magnus UAV by using computational approach

The Cylinder-to-Flat Plate embedment (CyFlaP) Magnus Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) utilises a rotating cylinder propulsion mechanism that benefits from the Magnus effect to enhance aerodynamic performance. While previous studies have demonstrated that this design generates substantial lift, the presence of large flow separation bubbles atop the surface remains a critical limitation, leading to increased drag and reduced aerodynamic efficiency. To address this issue, this study investigates the effects of concentrated airflow on the aerodynamic characteristics of the CyFlaP by incorporating a fixed top plate above the model. By directing airflow over the rotating cylinders, the top plate is hypothesised to mitigate separation effects and enhance lift. This approach optimises the Magnus effect while reducing aerodynamic inefficiencies caused by flow separation bubbles. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis was conducted using ANSYS Workbench to evaluate aerodynamic performance under varying conditions. The study parameters included inlet wind speeds ranging from 5 m/s to 15 m/s, gap sizes between the top plate and the main structure varying from 5 mm to 30 mm and angles of attack from 0° to 20°. The k-omega Shear Stress Transport (k-ω SST) turbulence model was employed to capture flow separation and vortex formation accurately. The results indicate a significant enhancement in lift coefficient (C_L), with improvements of up to 120% compared to reference values. The study also reveals that smaller gap configurations between the top plate and the CyFlaP structure facilitate better concentrated airflow, effectively reducing separation bubbles and improving overall aerodynamic efficiency. Additionally, the modified design demonstrated a delay in stall onset at higher angles of attack, which is crucial for maintaining lift at increased wind speeds. However, the findings also suggest that while lift is improved, drag values increase at higher speeds, indicating the need for further design refinements, such as smoothing the leading edge of the top plate. In conclusion, the incorporation of a top plate in the CyFlaP Magnus UAV significantly enhances aerodynamic performance by optimising concentrated airflow. These findings establish a foundation for optimising top plate configurations in Magnus UAVs, offering a potential path to enhanced lift efficiency and reduced aerodynamic losses.

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