Citation
Schaff, Anis Raihan Dzeidee and Zulkefly, Nor Sheereen
(2026)
Psychometric Properties of the Malay Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale (CAPES).
Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 34 (2).
pp. 781-806.
ISSN 0128-7702; eISSN: 2231-8534
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Malay version of the Child Adjustment and Parent Efficacy Scale (CAPES-Malay) and assess the relationship between parental self-efficacy (PSE) and adolescent mental health. CAPES was translated into Malay and administered to 478 parents of adolescents aged 10-14. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the robustness of the CAPES-Malay psychometric properties, demonstrating its reliability and validity. CAPES-Malay consists of two scales: 1) Parent Self-efficacy and 2) Child Adjustment, which comprises Emotional and Behavioural Problems (EBP) and Competence subscales. Pearson's correlation showed PSE had a strong negative correlation with adolescent EBP, but a moderate positive correlation with adolescent competence. Strengthening PSE in managing adolescent emotional and behavioural challenges and competence contributes to positive adolescent mental health and fosters a better family environment. Overall, CAPES-Malay demonstrates potential as an assessment tool to gauge the levels of PSE, EBP and competence of early adolescents. Further research is necessary to evaluate the psychometric properties of CAPES-Malay before its extensive implementation.
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