Clinical evaluation of antibiotic loaded calcium phosphate beads as treatment options for avian soft tissue and orthopaedic cases

The process of wound and fracture healing comprises several stages, some of which necessitate the use of enhancers. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of gentamicin-clindamycin (GEN/CLI) loaded in calcium phosphate (CaP) beads as potential treatment modalities for contaminated wounds and fracture healing in avian patients. Six (6) avian patients of various species with contaminated wounds, open and closed fractures, or lumps requiring surgical intervention were enrolled in the study. The CaP beads were loaded with gentamicin and clindamycin antibiotics before being implanted during surgical procedures. A radiographic and a modified Southampton surgical wound scoring system were used to assess bone fractures and wounds, respectively. All scores were checked for coherence, and the findings were compared across days using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the Tukey-Kramer (HSD) test. There were significant differences in the wound healing progression based on the modified Southampton ranking periodically at p < 0.05. The radiographic assessment demonstrated the biocompatibility of CaP beads, which aided in the formation of new bone tissue while causing no adverse effect. The use of GEN/CLI-loaded CaP beads demonstrated promising results in enhancing both wound and fracture healing in avian patients. The treatment was well-tolerated, promoted new bone formation, and showed no adverse effects, indicating good biocompatibility. The statistically significant improvement in healing progression supports the potential of this approach as an effective therapeutic option. Given the current lack of research in this area, especially concerning avian species, the findings highlight the clinical value of GEN/CLI-loaded CaP beads as a suitable and beneficial adjunct in the surgical management of contaminated wounds and fractures in birds, with potential relevance to other animal species facing comparable clinical conditions.

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