Exploring mobile health interventions for hypertension and management: a scoping review

Introduction: Hypertension is a widespread health issue globally, contributing significantly to cardiovascular disease. Effective management of hypertension is crucial, yet many individuals remain undiagnosed and undertreated. Mobile health intervention presents an opportunity to address this hypertension management. Objective: This scoping review aimed to systematically review and synthesize the existing literature on the type of mobile health interventions for hypertension management among adults. Materials and methods: A systematic search was conducted in Scopus and Science Direct following the PRISMA - ScR guidelines. The literature search, conducted from April to May 2024, used the (m Health OR "Mobile Health" OR "Smartphone intervention" OR "Mobile applications") AND (Hypertension OR "Blood pressure control") AND ("Self-management"). All retrieved articles were imported into Excel for organization and review. Included articles were original studies published in English, specifically cohort and case–control studies on mHealth interventions for hypertension management. Excluded articles were mixed-methods studies, cross-sectional studies, and non-original articles, including conference proceedings, perspectives, commentaries, opinions, reports, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Results: Upon rigorous searching and screening, seven studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria: 5 from China, 1 from South Korea, and 1 from Iran. Our findings in this scoping review categorize M Health into messaging applications, We Chat-based interventions, and mobile application-based interventions. Conclusion: In conclusion, mHealth interventions have proven highly effective in managing hypertension, particularly through messaging applications like We Chat and standalone mobile applications. These interventions significantly improve blood pressure control, medication adherence, and overall quality of life among adults with hypertension.

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