Tailoring the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of Mg0.5+x(Zr1-xAlx)2(PO4)3 ceramic electrolytes

In this study, samples of Nasicon-type structured Mg0.5+x(Zr1-xAlx)2(PO4)3, (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 0.4) compound were synthesized via citrate assisted sol-gel method. The influences of structural modifications by partial substitution using trivalent ions (Al3+) into the pristine Mg0.5Zr2(PO4)3 to the structural, particle size and electrical properties of the compounds were investigated. The crystal structure formation of Mg0.5+x(Zr1-xAlx)2(PO4)3 were affirmed using X-ray diffraction, while Rietveld refinement method was applied to clearly prove the formation of the structure. FESEM and particle size analysis confirmed that the particle size decreased with the increase of Al3+ compositions. The substitutions of Zr4+ with Al3+ in the pristine compound structure introduced extra-interstitial Mg2+ ions leading to enhanced conductivity. Mg0.5+x(Zr1-xAlx)2(PO4)3 compound with x = 0.4 exhibited the uttermost conductivity value of 7.33 × 10−5 S cm−1 at 773 K with the lowest activation energy of ∼0.82 eV.

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