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Affective variables influencing Malaysian undergraduates’ willingness to communicate in English


Citation

Abd Razak, Fatin Nabila and Syed Aziz Baftim, Sharifah Sheha and Nimehchisalem, Vahid and Abdullah, Ain Nadzimah (2025) Affective variables influencing Malaysian undergraduates’ willingness to communicate in English. Journal of Language and Communication, 12 (2). pp. 205-223. ISSN 2637-0875

Abstract

The most important variable in promoting communication in a second language (L2) is willingness to communicate (WTC). However, few quantitative studies on L2 WTC in Malaysia have analysed the variables that predict the willingness to communicate simultaneously. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the relationships between the affective variables that influence L2 WTC, which are (1) communicative confidence, (2) motivation in learning the language, and (3) international posture as presented in the heuristic model of L2 WTC by MacIntyre et al. (1998) and Yashima (2002). The data for the study were gathered from public university undergraduates using a questionnaire that were structured and adapted to represent the variables included in the study. Based on the results, communicative confidence was the most prominent indicator of WTC in English. Significant correlations were also found between WTC through communicative confidence and implicit motivation. Specifically, strong correlations have also been demonstrated between the international posture towards WTC and motivation to learn L2 and WTC. The study concluded that communicative confidence, among other affective variables, should be considered when studying English. Consequently, additional research can be done to verify these findings in various language-learning environments.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Subject: Social Sciences
Subject: Educational Psychology
Subject: Linguistics
Divisions: Faculty of Modern Language and Communication
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.47836/jlc.12.02.03
Publisher: Universiti Putra Malaysia
Keywords: Communicative confidence; International posture; L2 motivation; Partial least square; Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM); Willingness to communicate
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 4: Quality Education, SDG 10: Reduced Inequalities, SDG 17: Partnerships for the Goals
Depositing User: MS. HADIZAH NORDIN
Date Deposited: 09 Jun 2026 13:07
Last Modified: 09 Jun 2026 13:07
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.47836/jlc.12.02.03
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/125972
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