Technology integration in STEM learning: an analysis of digital usage among rural primary school students, Sarawak

This preliminary study aims to examine how digital learning can support digital literacy among primary school students in Science and Mathematics in Sarawak. With the increasing integration of technology in education, digital learning has the potential to become an important medium that not only improves digital literacy, but also strengthens understanding of STEM concepts in an English language environment. This descriptive quantitative study involved 40 students from years four to six in a government primary school in Sarawak. The study instrument was a structured questionnaire to obtain data and initial observations on the level of access to digital devices, digital literacy skills, and patterns of technology use by students in the context of learning Science and Mathematics through English. The study findings show that primary school students have a relatively good level of digital access, especially through the use of smartphones, which are their main devices at home. In learning Science and Mathematics, the use of technology was found to be minimal and did not involve in-depth interactive applications. Students relied more on watching videos or searching for instant information, while the use of specialized software such as simulations, digital quizzes or STEM training applications has not yet been widely practiced. This finding illustrates that although students have exposure to technology, the potential of digital devices as learning tools has not yet been optimally utilized. This study suggests that teachers design more structured and authentic digital activities, including the use of virtual simulations, educational games, video assignments, and interactive learning platforms to simultaneously improve language proficiency and understanding of STEM concepts.

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