The first fatal case of Fereydounia khargensis peritonitis

Rationale: Fereydounia (F.) khargensis is a novel yeast species identified in 2014 from environmental samples and has emerged as a rare pathogen causing human infections. Patient concerns: A 61-year-old male with end-stage renal failure on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, who presented with generalized abdominal pain, turbid dialysate and fever. Diagnosis: Peritoneal fluid culture revealed the presence of yeast cells. F. khargensis was identified by polymerase chain reaction method. Interventions: Removal of Tenckhoff catheter and intravenous fluconazole. Outcomes: He succumbed after two weeks of hospitalization. Lessons: This case report highlights the significance of a rare fungal pathogen, F. khargensis, which has been implicated in the mortality of an immunocompromised patient. Due to its rarity, F. khargensis poses significant challenges associated with its identification and has profound implications for clinical practice.

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