Fucoidan enhanced brown rot resistance in postharvest peach fruit by regulating lignin biosynthesis

The Monilinia fructicola is the most common pathogen causing brown rot in postharvest peach fruit. Research on green prevention and control strategies for diseases of postharvest peaches is extremely urgent. Fucoidan (FUC), a marine-derived polysaccharide, has demonstrated promising biological activities, yet the study on its application in managing diseases in postharvest fruits and vegetables has rarely been reported. This study investigated the inhibitory effects and underlying mechanisms of FUC on brown rot in postharvest peach fruit. The results revealed that FUC (6 g/L) treatment prominently enhanced disease resistance by inducing host defense responses. FUC induced the enhancement of pathogenesis-related proteins (chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase) and significantly heightened the activities of key enzymes in phenylpropanoid pathway (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate 4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase, peroxidase). Concurrently, a noteworthy accumulation of lignin was observed. Moreover, jasmonic acid (JA) content prominently increased. Associated with a known transcriptional network, the results demonstrated that FUC upregulated PpMYC2 expression, thereby activating critical lignin biosynthesis genes (PpPAL1, PpC4H, Pp4CL1, PpCSE, and PpCCoAOMT1) and ultimately enhancing host disease resistance. Collectively, this study illustrated that FUC functions as a potent resistance inducer, dramatically enhancing the disease resistance of postharvest peaches primarily by activating lignin biosynthesis.

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