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Formal verification Unified Modeling Language Statechart using Enhancement Common Modeling Language


Citation

Azwarrudin, Muhammad Amsyar and Abdul Samat, Pathiah and Mohd Ali, Norhayati and Admodisastro, Novia Indriaty (2025) Formal verification Unified Modeling Language Statechart using Enhancement Common Modeling Language. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, 16 (12). pp. 640-650. ISSN 2158-107X; eISSN: 2156-5570

Abstract

Modern systems are rapidly evolving and increasing in complexity to satisfy growing requirements. Such systems often incorporate multiple hierarchical statecharts within their behavior modeling diagram, which significantly complicates the verification process. To address this challenge, the Common Modeling Language (CML) was introduced as an intermediate modeling language for formal verification, serving as a bridge between Unified Modeling Language (UML) Statechart and the model checkers. However, CML supports modeling only a single hierarchical statechart, which limits its applicability to complex systems. This study introduces the Enhancement Common Modeling Language (E-CML), an extension of the CML, to support the verification of systems that incorporate multiple hierarchical statecharts. We introduce the group component in E-CML, comprising an initial state, a set of states, transitions, triggers, and a region, to formally differentiate the group components from superstates. We also propose new translation rules to map E-CML into Symbolic Model Verifier (SMV) syntax. E-CML operates through two main processes: transformation and translation. The transformation process transforms an XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) file into E-CML, while the translation process translates E-CML to an Input Symbolic Model Verifier (I-SMV) file. The system is verified using the SMV model checker, with formal properties specified in Computational Tree Logic (CTL) and represented in the I-SMV file. The results demonstrate that the behavior modeling diagram satisfies all formal properties, indicating that E-CML provides an effective framework for the verification of complex systems comprising multiple hierarchical statecharts.


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Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Subject: Computer Science (all)
Divisions: Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.14569/ijacsa.2025.0161259
Publisher: Science and Information Organization
Keywords: CML; E-CML; Formal verification; Model checkers; UML Statechart
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, SDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, SDG 4: Quality Education
Depositing User: MS. HADIZAH NORDIN
Date Deposited: 21 Apr 2026 07:26
Last Modified: 21 Apr 2026 07:26
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.14569/ijacsa.2025.0161259
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/124679
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