CBD-grown Pd/MoO3 nanogranule films on tapered optical fibers for enhanced optical hydrogen sensing

This study presents exciting molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) nanostructure coated on tapered optical fiber via chemical bath deposition (CBD) for hydrogen (H2) gas sensing. The morphology and material properties of the samples were characterized using FESEM, EDX, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD. It has been found that the formations of nanogranules on as-prepared MoO3 samples were growing uniformly along the tapered region with sizes approximately ranging from 100 to 300 nm. The detection of H2 gas was measured in the visible to near infra-red optical wavelength. The developed sensor is discovered to have maximum absorbance response at 150 °C of optimum operating temperature with a palladium (Pd) catalyst. The sensor is sensitive towards different concentrations as the absorbance has increased proportionally from 0.125 % to 1.0 % of H2. The different growths of thickness were obtained by varying the deposition time of the MoO3 coating. Optimized deposition time was observed at 10 min with 250 nm thickness on the point of maximum absorbance response achieved. Next, the study on comparison between as-prepared and annealed Pd/MoO3 sensors shows that the annealed ones have shown better performance with a sensitivity of 3.579/vol%. The absorbance response of annealed Pd/MoO3 has increased about 70 % compared to as-prepared Pd/MoO3, enabling high sensitivity, fast response/recovery, and excellent selectivity offering a promising pathway for reliable H2 leak detection and safety monitoring.

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