Bibliometric mapping on the probiotic trends in managing aquaculture pathogens

Pathogenic microbes' management in aquaculture is a major challenge, as traditional methods like antibiotics can lead to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. Probiotics have been shown as greener alternatives for controlling diseases and improving fish health, but their research trends in not yet fully mapped and documented. Bibliometric analysis demonstrates a comprehensive and detailed approach to assessing vast volumes of scientific data using quantitative tools such as VOSviewer Software. Therefore, this review aims to explore bibliometric analysis and research trends of probiotic strategies on the management of pathogenic microbes in aquaculture. Bibliographic coupling analysis displayed six key clusters, highlighting the diverse roles of probiotics in disease management in aquaculture. Cluster 1 focuses on probiotic and host's gut interaction, Cluster 2 emphasizes the probiotic in tilapia culture, Cluster 3 addresses probiotics as disease resistance in fish and shellfish, Cluster 4 highlights Bacillus as a dominant probiotic in aquaculture, Cluster 5 identifies probiotics as an antibiotic alternative, and Cluster 6 presents probiotic and prebiotic combination in aquaculture. In addition, co-word analysis further revealed three important clusters for the probiotic studies including Animal Nutrition and Health, Microbial Ecology and Gut Microbiome, and Experimental Models of Probiotics. Moreover, the Scopus database shows a significant increase in probiotic research over the past 30 years, reflecting their growing importance in pathogen management in aquaculture. Thus, this bibliometric review highlights the critical role of probiotics and their emerging research trends in pathogen control for the aquaculture sector.

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