Engineering superconducting characteristics of electrospun YBCO@CNT core-shell nanofibers through BZO doping

We report significant improvements in the superconducting characteristics of yttrium barium copper oxide (YBa₂Cu₃O₇₋δ, YBCO) by incorporating barium zirconate (BaZrO₃, BZO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into an innovative core-shell nanofiber architecture. Fabricated via coaxial electrospinning, this approach enables precise control over the nanofiber composition and morphology. Integrating 3 wt% BZO into YBCO@CNT nanofibers (which include 3 wt% MWCNTs) enhances superconducting performance by increasing the activation energy (U₀), critical current density (Jc), and marginally raising the superconducting transition temperature (Tc). The enhancements arise from improved inter-grain interaction, less lattice strain, and better flux pinning, enabled by the MWCNT network and BZO nanoparticles.

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