Evaluation of Haematococcus pluvialis concentrates as complete fish oil replacements and partial fishmeal substitutes in black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)

The dependence on fishmeal and fish oil in aquafeeds poses challenges to the long-term sustainability of aquaculture due to the pressure on limited marine resources. This study evaluated the potential of the microalga Haematococcus pluvialis (HP) as a partial substitute for fishmeal and a complete replacement for fish oil in the diet of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). Post-larvae (PL22) were reared for 56 days in a recirculating aquaculture system and fed five diets containing 0%, 8%, 12%, 16%, or 20% HP. Shrimp fed 12% HP showed significantly higher weight gain (1191.51%), daily weight gain (0.31 g day−1), and specific growth rate (4.56% day−1) compared with other dietary treatments (p <.05). Feed conversion ratio (1.09) and feed efficiency ratio (0.93) improved at 12% and 20% inclusion levels, respectively. Survival exceeded 95% at both levels, indicating that HP can effectively replace fish oil and partially replace fishmeal in shrimp feed.

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