Review on structural characteristics of reinforced geopolymer concrete

Lately, the issue of global warming and the ongoing ozone layer depletion have raised awareness among the construction industry about the need to use more environmentally friendly building materials. In light of this, research academics and construction professionals have begun to pay close attention to geopolymer concrete (GPC), because it has the benefit of lowering the emission of greenhouse gas during cement manufacture and replacing it with industrial waste. In comparison to traditional concrete, it also has superior durability and mechanical qualities; however, the differences in chemical composition and mix design make the prediction of its structural performance difficult. A vivid understanding of the structural performance of GPC is paramount since it promotes the practical application of concrete. As such, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview and discussion of the reported results on the structural performance of GPC elements to provide a more comprehensive comprehension of the impact of the said concrete on structural components. Reinforced concrete slabs, beams, and columns are a few of the GPC components that this review highlights. It has been found that GPC with a ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide of 2.5, a ratio of alkaline activator solution to aluminosilicate precursor of 0.6, and NaOH molarity of 14 M will have a high compressive and bond strength. The use of a high ratio of longitudinal and shear reinforcement, the addition of 0.75 % and 0.02 % of steel and glass fibers, as well as other hybrid fibers, can increase the structural characteristics of GPC elements. The variables of the rectangular stress-block for normal concrete beam can be applied on GPC, as its bending moment is insensitive to the variables. However, it cannot be applied to GPC columns subjected to ambient curing due to their high brittleness over normal concrete. It is recommended that additional studies be conducted to offer a more pragmatic and affordable design principle for using GPC in structural components to facilitate this kind of concrete's eventual use in extensive field applications.

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