UPM Institutional Repository

A review on the role of function landscape in encouraging the psychomotor and cognitive development of pre-school children


Citation

Hussain, Mohd Amirul and Kamaruzaman, Mohd Yusof and Abdul Raji, Mohd Nazri and Basri, Azizul Qayyum and Mamat, Abu Bakar and Mohd Basir, Jamilah and Mohd Yunos, Mohd Yazid (2025) A review on the role of function landscape in encouraging the psychomotor and cognitive development of pre-school children. Indonesian Journal of Geography, 57 (2). pp. 423-429. ISSN 0024-9521

Abstract

Learning from outside of the classroom includes physical activities and self-exploration that help in developing positive children’s psychomotor and cognitive. Given that the learning process in childhood is important for the development of physical and cognitive, the activities in the form of physical game and self-exploration deemed to be a natural mean for the age level to develop their talents and creativity potentials. The environmental landscape factor that is conducive, impacts the cognitive and learning of early childhood education. However, it is deemed to be lacking in the execution of out of class activities in Malaysia’s early childhood learning that uses elements of functional landscape aligned with concept of self-exploration through learning environment. The objective of this study is to explore the functional landscape elements in an exploration park to improve children’s physical development. In doing so, this study carried out a literature review involving the analysis of documents related to the importance and ability of the landscape to improve children’s cognitive development. This action study is also expected to contribute as reference to schools, institutions, and related parties in emphasizing functional landscape elements in the design of learning centre areas outside the classroom.


Download File

[img] Text
122995.pdf - Published Version
Restricted to Repository staff only

Download (542kB)
Official URL or Download Paper: https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/view/97653

Additional Metadata

Item Type: Article
Subject: Geography, Planning and Development
Subject: Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
Divisions: Faculty of Design and Architecture
DOI Number: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijg.97653
Publisher: Gadjah Mada University
Keywords: Children early education; Cognitive development; Functional landscape; Malaysia; Physical development
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): SDG 4: Quality Education, SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being, SDG 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
Depositing User: Ms. Siti Radziah Mohamed@mahmod
Date Deposited: 29 Apr 2026 05:25
Last Modified: 29 Apr 2026 05:25
Altmetrics: http://www.altmetric.com/details.php?domain=psasir.upm.edu.my&doi=10.22146/ijg.97653
URI: http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/122995
Statistic Details: View Download Statistic

Actions (login required)

View Item View Item