Review: Load balancing technique for Radio Frequency over Fiber

In recent years, great attention has been captured by the researchers in 5G networks, merging of radio frequency and optical fiber technologies known as Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) systems, which can provide costeffective and high-capacity wireless access network provisioning of broadband, interactive, and multimedia wireless services. It is a promising challenge to improve the network coverage and balance the load of network resources, specially in terms of dense wireless access networks. This paper reviewed the existing works focusing on load balancing techniques, both explicitly and implicitly for wireless networks using RoF technology. It is noticeable that all the researchers have focused on different types of static and dynamic load balancing schemes based on logical resources like bandwidth, frequency, wavelength and physical network resources like the number of remote radio heads, base stations and mobile units or mobile users by using mathematical models, algorithms, and reinforcement learning for both radio access network and software-defined network using RoF technologies. All these works are evaluated for different parameters like bandwidth, latency, frequency, wavelength, delay, time, interference, and number of mobile units. But still, there is scope for future work to focus on effective, efficient, scalable, dynamic, cost-effective, and energyefficient load balancing mechanisms for dense wireless access networks using RoF for ensuring quality of service to the large, growing population.

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