Chemical Constituents of Murraya Koenigii (Rutaceae) and Their Biological Activities

The study on Murraya koenigii (curry leaf) involves extraction, separations by using various chromatographic methods and structural determination by spectroscopic techniques such as IR, NMR including 2D-NMR and MS. The structures of the compounds were also elucidated by comparison with the previous work. Isolation works on stem bark of the plant yielded mahanimbine (31), girinimbine (32), murray anine (47), murrayazoline (48), murrayacine (49) and sucrose (50). From the leaves, five compounds were isolated and elucidated. Two of them were long chain compounds, Il-decylhenecosane (51a) and methoxydotriacontane (51b), isolated as a mixture and the other compounds were mahanimbine (31), ethyl octadecanoate (52) and mahanine (53). Further study on the roots of the same plant afforded four compounds including girinimbine (32), murrayanine (47), together with 3-methylcarbazole (54) and murrayafoline A(55).Crude extract and isolated compounds from various part of this plant were screened for antimicrobial activity using disc diffusion method, cytotoxic activity using rnicrotitration method and antitumor promoting activity using Epstein B arr virus activation assay. The crude extracts of the roots and pure isolated compound including mah animbine (31) , girinimbine (32), mahanine (53) and murrayafoline A (55) exhibited significant cytotoxicity activity against CEM-SS cell line with IC₅₀ 3 µg/ml. G irinimbine (32), although did not show any cytotoxic activity against CEM-SS cell line, the compound however inhibited EBV-activation (100%) in the antitumor promoting assay . The pet.ether, CHCl₃ and MeOH crude extracts of leaves, the methanol extract of stem bark, mah animbine (31) and girinimbine (32) failed to show significant antimicrobial activity, while the pet.ether and the chloroform crude extracts of the stem bark exhibited weak antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus.

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